Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）Lesson30 : French, American Women Win Nobel in Chemistry for Genetic Tool

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　modify	/MOD-uh-fahy/
	-to change somewhat the form or qualities of; alter partially; amend
	They modified their report a few minutes before the presentation.
2.　composition	/kom-puh-ZISH-uhn/
	-manner of being composed; structure:
	The chemical composition of this material is still unknown.
3.　alter	/AWL-ter/
	-to make different in some particular, as size, style, course, or the like; modify:
	She had her grandmother’s old dress altered to fit her size.
4.　ethical	/ETH-i-kuhl/
	-pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct.
	Ethical questions were raised during the unveiling of the new machine.
5.　remarkable	/ ri-MAHR-kuh-buhl/
	-extraordinary:
	He grew up to be a remarkable man just like his father.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Female scientists win award for genetic tool

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to female scientists who developed a tool that can modify the genetic composition of living things.
French scientist Emmanuelle Charpentier and American scientist Jennifer Doudna successfully came up with CRISPR-cas9 described as “molecular scissors” that can alter DNA which holds the genetic information of a living thing.
Despite the fact that CRISPR-cas9 brings about ethical concerns, Charpentier and Doudna’s genetic tool has aided in delivering new cancer treatments. It is also anticipated that this invention will be applicable in curing hereditary illnesses.
The award-winning scientists hope that their discovery will be utilized to solve biological mysteries and to benefit humankind. Moreover, they wish that this award sends a positive message to the future generation of women who would like to pursue a career in Science. The award comes with a cash prize amounting to $1.1 million which the two remarkable women will share.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	Who won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry?
2.	What is the genetic tool called?
3.	How much was the cash prize they received?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What can you say about this occurrence?
2.	Do you think they deserve to win the award?
3.	Who do you think will benefit the most from this invention?
4.	What do you think are the characteristics of an award-winning scientist?
5.	What can you say about the other scientists who are just as remarkable but never awarded a Nobel prize?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America