The number of people suffering from hunger began to slowly increase again in 2015. About 690 million people — or 8.9 percent of the global population — are hungry, according to current estimates. The World Food Program shows that 135 million people are chronically malnourished due to man-made conflict, climate change, and economic drop. In Bangladesh, the population is high, so the land-to-human ratio is not balanced. The country loses roughly 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land per year due to housing, industry, schools, colleges, hospitals, road and highway construction, and other infrastructural projects.

Globally in 2020, around 5 million children under the age of five died. Newborns account for nearly half of the number (2.4 million). Generally, 2.2 million children and youths aged five to 24 years old died in 2020. 43 percent of them were adolescents. These high rates of mortality are primarily due to illnesses that can be avoided or cured. Malaria and AIDS (HIV infection), for example, can be prevented if you know how to avoid them. But many individuals still lack the necessary knowledge, and whether or not newborn babies can live healthy and safe lives is entirely dependent on where they are born. In underdeveloped nations, many mothers die during pregnancy and childbirth. It is critical to have the necessary knowledge to prevent unwanted pregnancies in young females. It also helps to lower the number of young mothers who die in childbirth and during pregnancy. We can develop a healthy and long-lived society by learning the correct infectious disease prevention techniques or having enough gender information.

The leading causes of mortality among children vary depending on their age. Pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria accounted for about a quarter of all deaths of children under the age of five in 2018.

Malnutrition, a lack of appropriate water and sanitation, indoor air pollution, and a lack of healthcare access are all linked to pneumonia mortality in children. Pneumonia can simply be treated with antibiotics.

Diarrhea claimed the lives of 480,000 young children in 2017. Between 70 and 90 percent of deaths due to acute watery diarrhea can be avoided using oral rehydration salt.

In 2019, over 274,000 children under the age of five died from malaria. Insecticide-treated mosquito nets and rapid diagnostic testing could readily avoid the sickness.

Another cause of death in children is tuberculosis (TB). More than 600 children under the age of 15 die from this disease every day. Strengthening the systems that provide TB services such as screening, vaccinations, and treatment will help to avert this situation.

In total, almost 5 million children under the age of five died. Nearly half of that number (2.4 million) are newborns. Generally, 2.2 million children and youths aged five to 24 years old died in 2020. 43 percent of them were adolescents. The leading causes of death in children differ depending on their age. Pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria accounted for about a quarter of all deaths among children under the age of five in 2018.

Access to primary education is a basic right for every child. It plays an important role in reducing extreme poverty and promoting social change. There are varying standards, but primary education is typically designed for children 6 to 11 years old. In 2019, the global adjusted net attendance rate was 87 percent, and roughly four out of every five children completed primary school. Additionally, the number of out-of-school children has decreased by almost 40 percent in the last two decades. But 58 million children of primary school age remain out of school. The majority of them come from underprivileged communities. Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) data show that many children lack core reading and numerical skills, emphasizing the great challenge of achieving inclusive and fair quality education for all.

There are multiple education systems in Pakistan. Different methods of instruction, curricula, and examination systems exist in private and public schools. If public schools can provide a minimum standard, private schools will have to match this quality. The curriculum helps achieve the educational goals of a nation. Unfortunately, it focuses more on memorization than deep learning and critical thinking. But the biggest problem Pakistan has so far is its dropout rates.


The country’s dropout rate is the highest among the developing countries. According to a 2017 report, 40 percent of children aged 5 to 6 did not go to school. The major factors that contribute to this problem include the poor education system, lack of trained teaching staff, poverty, and child labor. Creating a plan to help poverty-stricken families in sending their children to schools rather than work may solve this issue.

If people do not get enough nutrition, they will not have the strength or energy to work. Their immune systems will also be weakened from malnutrition and this will leave them more vulnerable to illness that prevents them from getting to work. Malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory infections, which are easily avoidable and curable in nations with underdeveloped health systems, can be lethal, especially in young children. Climate change, on the other hand, causes hunger, whether through a lack of water (drought) or an excess of water (flooding), and its consequences contribute to the poverty cycle in various ways. More than half of the population now lives in extreme poverty.

The number of people suffering from starvation began to slowly rise again in 2015. According to current estimates, about 690 million people, or 8.9% of the global population, are hungry. It increased by 10 million in a year and nearly 60 million in five years. According to the World Food Program, 135 million people are chronically malnourished as a result of human-caused conflict, climate change, and the economic downturn. With almost a quarter of a billion people possibly on the brink of hunger, immediate action is required to give food and humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable areas. A major adjustment in the global food and agriculture system is required if we are to feed the more than 690 million people who are currently hungry. Agricultural productivity and long-term food production must be increased to help reduce the dangers of hunger.

Bangladesh is a small country with a large population. Because the land-to-human ratio is unbalanced, food security will be one of the country’s future issues. To feed its rapidly growing population, the country is fighting to maintain and improve its present food output.

Population growth is the primary cause of famine in Bangladesh. Other factors, though, are adding to the country’s food shortage. Housing, industry, schools, universities, hospitals, road and highway building, and other infrastructural projects annually result in the loss of around 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land in Bangladesh. Estimates show that Bangladesh would run out of agricultural land by 2080 if the current trend continues.

Additionally, Bangladesh’s agriculture system is still outdated and unscientific in this day of incredible technological advances. Its agriculture is plagued by irrigation and water shortages due to its reliance on nature for water, despite being a land of rivers and wetlands. The country could not develop a proper irrigation system and network, so its farmers primarily use unscientific and traditional agriculture tools and methods, which hinders their food production.

Bangladesh, fortunately, has achieved consistent progress in terms of food production in recent years. Nonetheless, Bangladesh is a food-insecure country that imports a significant amount of food grains each year.