【Trial lesson】Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）Lesson1 : Study Shows Unusual Evolutionary Changes in African Wild Dogs

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　carnivore	/KAHR-nuh-vawr/
	-an animal that eats meat
	Carnivores have sharp teeth that bite into raw meat.
2.　predator	/PRED-uh-ter/
	-an animal that hunts and kills other animals for food
	The eagle is a predator that stalks and hunts its prey from above.
3.　endangered	/en-DEYN-jerd/
	-in danger of being lost
	Overhunting can cause many animals to become endangered.
4.　prey	/prey/
	-an animal that is hunted or killed by another animal for food
	The lion was unsuccesful in catching its prey.
5.　withstand	/with-STAND/
	-resist; offer strong resistance or opposition to
	Heattech clothes can withstand cold weather.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Study Shows Unusual Evolutionary Changes in African Wild Dogs

The African wild dogs, carnivores native to southern and eastern Africa, are predators that use an unusual hunting method. A study has shown that this endangered animal hunts for food by chasing its prey over long distances until its target collapses from exhaustion. According to research, the African wild dog is the only canine-like animal that has four toes on its front paws, giving it increased agility and stronger, longer jumps. Additionally, scientists detected limb muscle expansions containing nerve tissue believed to withstand fatigue. 20 to 30 African wild dogs frequently hunt altogether. They travel up to 50 kilometers a day and have a record of sprinting approximately 64 kilometers per hour during a hunt. African wild dogs are built for stamina, unlike other predators that use speed, stealth, and strength to hunt for their prey, according to a researcher. This means the animals have long-lasting endurance for hunting.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	How does the African wild dog hunt for prey?
2.	Based on research, what else did scientists detect in African wild dogs aside from its four toes?
3.	What is the estimated running speed of African wild dogs during a hunt?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What can you say about the African wild dog’s method for hunting?
2.	In your opinion, why do African wild dogs hunt for prey in groups?
3.	Do you think African wild dogs have a better success rate in hunting compared to other predators? Why or why not?
4.	Since these animals are endangered, what can we do to save them from extinction?
5.	Are there any endangered species in your country? Please tell me more about it.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America.