PASSAGE READING
Please read the passage silently for 45 seconds.
Then, please read the passage aloud.
Then, please read the passage aloud.
45秒で以下の文章を黙読してください。その後、音読しましょう。
READ
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Poisonous animals can kill other living things by using poison. However, the poisonous substances inside their bodies do not affect them at all. They use one of the two basic strategies to avoid getting poisoned. Some animals use the first strategy wherein they keep the components of their poison in separate compartments. Others use the second strategy wherein they improve their bodies to become more resistant to poison.
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LECTURE READING
I will read aloud the lecture part. Please take down notes while I am reading.
After that, please read aloud the lecture part.
After that, please read aloud the lecture part.
講師が講義の一部を音読します。講師が読んでいる間にメモを取りましょう。
その後、音読してください。
その後、音読してください。
READ
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Have you ever wondered how poisonous animals get to poison other living things but never themselves? In this lesson, we will be discussing the two basic strategies they use: securing the storage of toxins inside their bodies and gradually developing their ability to resist poison.
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Let’s start with the first strategy. Some poisonous animals securely store the components of their poison inside their bodies. But why it does not affect them? Let’s use the bombardier beetle as an example. This kind of beetle prevents poisoning itself by keeping the components of its caustic spray in two different compartments located in its abdomen. When the components get mixed together, they create a violent chemical reaction that sends out caustic spray. The spray gets shoot out of the glands but does not affect the beetles as it passes through a hardened chamber that protects the beetle’s organs.
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The second strategy focuses on animals improving their ability to resist poison by producing special proteins that inactivate the toxin in their blood. Just like bombardier beetles, snakes also keep their venom in a special compartment located behind their eyes. However, as for snakes, they let a small amount of venom run throughout their bloodstream so they can strengthen their immunity to poison.
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These two basic strategies help poisonous animals to be safe and immune to their own toxins.
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QUESTION
Using the examples in the lecture, please explain the reasons why poisonous animals do not poison themselves.
有毒動物はなぜ自身を毒さないのか、講義内の例を用いて説明してください。
ANSWER
You have 60 seconds to answer. Please start your answer now.
60秒で回答します。回答を始めてください。
ANSWER
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
We will check the sample answers. Please repeat after me.
解答例を見ます。講師に続いて読みましょう。
SAMPLE ANSWERS
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A professor is talking about the reasons why poisonous animals do not poison themselves, the topic mentioned in the passage.
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According to the passage, poisonous animals prevents poisoning themselves by securely storing the toxic chemicals inside their bodies and developing their ability to resist poison.
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The professor gives two examples as to how poisonous animals prevent themselves from being poisoned.
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The first point in the passage explains that animals do not poison themselves because they keep the components of their toxins in two different chambers.
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The professor mentions that a bombardier beetle prevents poisoning itself by keeping the components of its caustic spray in two different compartments located in its abdomen.
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The second point in the passage explains that animals improve their bodies to become more resistant to poison.
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The professor mentions that animals produce special proteins to inactive the toxin in their blood and they let a small amount of toxin to run throughout their bloodstream to strengthen their immunity.
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