[TOEFL] Task 4_Practice 2_1

PASSAGE READING

Please read the passage silently for 45 seconds.
Then, please read the passage aloud.

45秒で以下の文章を黙読してください。その後、音読しましょう。

READ

The human auditory system is the sensory system responsible for detecting different sounds from long distances. It is made up of two main parts: the ear and the brain. The ear is the organ of hearing. It transforms sound energy into neural signals. On the other hand, the brain is an organ inside the head that controls bodily functions essential for survival. It is the one that receives and processes the information delivered by neural signals.

COMPREHENSION CHECK

Please answer the question about the passage.

講師が文章ついて質問するので答えましょう。

1. How do people detect sounds?

ANSWER

According to the passage,

CHECK YOUR ANSWER

We will check the sample answer. Please repeat after me.

解答例を見ます。講師に続いて読みましょう。

SAMPLE ANSWER

1.	How do people detect sounds?
According to the passage, people detect sounds with their auditory system which is responsible for detecting different sounds from long distances. The two main parts of the auditory system are the ear and the brain.

LECTURE READING

I will read aloud the lecture part. Please take down notes while I am reading.
After that, please read aloud the lecture part.

講師が講義の一部を音読します。講師が読んでいる間にメモを取りましょう。
その後、音読してください。

READ

I will discuss how the sound travels into the ear. The source of sounds produce waves of pressure that travel through particles in fluids. When the fluid travels through the ear, it triggers a signal that travels through the hair cell, into the auditory nerve then forth the brain. For example, the sound from a mosquito produces waves of pressure that the ears transfer into the fluid and travels inside our ear and onto our brain. That’s when the brain interprets specific sounds.

After the brain interprets the sound, it now has to identify where the sound is coming from. It collaborates then again with the two ears. When the sound is coming from directly in front of you, both of your ears will hear the same quality and respond at the same time. When a mosquito is on your left, your brain uses both of your ears to detect where it is located. So, when a mosquito is in front of you, you get to hear its sound with the same quality on both ears. It makes our hearing a spectacular system.

COMPREHENSION CHECK

Please answer the questions about the lecture.

講師が会話文について質問するので答えましょう。

2.	What is the professor talking about in the lecture?
3.	Please explain the idea that the professor introduces first by using the example.
4.	Please explain the idea that the professor introduces next by using the example.
5.	What does the professor conclude in the lecture?

ANSWERS

2.	The professor is talking about
3.	First,
4.	The second idea is
5.	Both	and	are

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

We will check the sample answers. Please repeat after me.

解答例を見ます。講師に続いて読みましょう。

SAMPLE ANSWERS

2.	What is the professor talking about in the lecture?
The professor is talking about the science of hearing, the topic mentioned in the passage.
3.	Please explain the idea that the professor introduces first by using the example.
First, the passage introduces how the ear works. The professor explains that the sound a mosquito creates is an example of a sound that travels inside our ear onto our brain, which the brain interprets.
4.	Please explain the idea that the professor introduces next by using the example.
The second idea is that the brain identifies where the sound is coming from after it has been interpreted. The professor illustrates how the brain works with an example of a mosquito in different locations.
5.	What does the professor conclude in the lecture?
Both ears’ task of transferring the sound a mosquito creates and the brain’s task of locating where the sound a mosquito creates comes from are examples of how the science of hearing works.