中学校の英語授業における「Show & Tell」の進め方
中学生の英語による「聞く」能力と「話す」能力をアップさせる方法の1つにShow & Tellがあります。Show & Tellとは、聞き手に対して何かを見せて（show）、それについて話す（tell）ことです。中学校の英語授業では、生徒が気に入っているものやクラスメートに知ってもらいたいものなどを見せながら、英語で紹介します。
中学校の英語授業にShow & Tellを取り入れて、生徒の「聞く」能力や「話す」能力のアップを図りましょう。
目次
Show & Tellの授業の進め方
Show & Tellを始めるにあたって、まずは話すテーマを決めます。「スポーツ」「夏休み」のような身近なテーマがよいでしょう。スポーツをテーマとした場合、プロ野球選手のブロマイドや初めて水泳教室に通った時の会員証、マラソン大会で優勝した時のシューズなどが題材になるでしょう。題材となるものは学校に持参するので、大きなものだったり、高価なものだったりしないようアドバイスしましょう。
次に、紹介文となる原稿を英語で書いてくるように宿題を出します。文章量は、1分から1分半程度で話が終わるくらいのボリュームになるように伝えます。また、「関係代名詞を1か所以上使うこと」「時制の一致を1か所以上使うこと」のように条件も加えます。条件を加えることで、文法事項を習得しているかどうか確認することができます。
初めてShow & Tellの授業を経験する生徒がいる場合には、先生が例を示してあげます。生徒には、先に英文をプリントアウトして渡しておくとよいでしょう。
先生によるShow & Tellの例
This is the baseball glove which my father bought me for the first time when I was a junior high school student. Because he liked to play catch with me in front of my house in my childhood, I was used to throwing and catching a ball. When I entered the elementary school, I joined the boys’ baseball team. I’ve been a pitcher for six years. At the age of 12, I asked my parents to let me go to a private combined junior and senior high school that is famous for baseball team. Of course I belonged to the baseball club. Thanks to my experience as a pitcher in the boys’ baseball team, I could become a regular pitcher soon. My father was very glad to hear that and he bought this glove for me. I practiced baseball after school every day and in the 10th grade, our team could play baseball in Koshien in spring and in summer. I was an ace pitcher then. Fortunately, our team could advance to the semifinal.
先生は、グローブを手に取って、ボディランゲージを交えながら英語で発表します。発表が終わったら、生徒からの質問を受け付けます。What did you think when your father bought you that glove?、Why did you want to be a pitcher?、What’s the name of your junior and senior high school? のような質問があることでしょう。先生は生徒からの質問に一通り回答したらShow & Tellの終了です。
Show & Tellの英文例
テーマ「犬」、文法事項「時制の一致」
I believe you know his name. He is Snoopy. When I was a child, I wanted to have a dog as a pet. I asked my parents to allow me to have one, but they wouldn’t allow me to do that. I didn’t know why I couldn’t have a dog. I thought they worried whether I could take care of a dog. So I said to them that I would feed and walk a dog. In fact, we lived in an apartment house then, and we were not allowed to have a pet due to one of the rules of the apartment house. My parents bought this Snoopy for me in place of a real dog. Since I was a seven-year -old girl, this Snoopy took the place of a real dog. I always go out with him. But now we live in our own house, we have a real dog and I always feed and walk him.
発表後の生徒のやり取り例
質問者：How did you feel when your dream of having a dog as a pet didn’t come true?
発表者：I felt sad and I was shocked to know that I wouldn’t be able to have a dog in the apartment house.
質問者：After you were given Snoopy by your parents, didn’t you think you wanted to have a real dog?
発表者：No, I didn’t think so. Because I was a child.
質問者：Why isn’t it allowed to have a pet in the apartment house? Do you have any opinions about this?
発表者：I think some pet owners are not responsible for taking care of their each pet. And also, some people cannot sleep well because of barks of a dog.
テーマ「小学生の頃の思い出」、文法事項「受動態」
Please look at this picture. A woman beside me is a friend of my parents’. She is British and she lives in London. This picture was taken by my parents when we visited Hakone this spring. She was invited to Japan six years ago in November for the first time by my parents. She stayed in our house for ten days and she could enjoy the autumn colors in the gardens of some temples or shrines. And she came back to Japan in April this year to enjoy beautiful cherry blossoms. A party was held under the cherry trees. She was surprised with our custom. When I met her six years ago, I couldn’t speak with her at all, because I didn’t know any English words, but this time I could enjoy speaking English with her. She told me to visit London in the near future.
発表後の生徒のやり取り例
質問者：What did you do in Hakone?
発表者：We got in an onsen. I’m sorry, but I don’t know the English word.
質問者：She came to Japan in autumn and spring. Which season does she like better?
発表者：I asked her the same question. According to her, she likes spring better.
質問者：Could you communicate with her without any difficulties this time?
発表者：No. I sometimes asked for my parents’ help.
発表者の We got in an onsen. の発言で対して、An onsen is called a hot spring in English. と助言するとよいでしょう。
テーマ「音楽」、文法事項「be動詞と一般動詞の使い方」
次の例文は、中学1年生向けに作成したものです。
Please look at the guitar. This is my own guitar. I can play the guitar very well, because I practice it every day. Actually, I play the guitar in a band. Every band member is junior or senior high school students. We play in the summer festival every year in August. We are waiting for the summer festival this year, too. Our band is very popular among people in our town. Every member likes music.
発表後の生徒のやり取り例
質問者：How many members are there in your band?
発表者：There are six members in our band.
Show & TellのCAN-DOリスト
- 基本的な英語の音声の特徴や文法に気を付けながら、正しい英語を話すことができる（発表者）
- 持参した品物について、他の生徒に正しく伝えることができる（発表者）
- 持参した品物について、原稿を見ることなくスムーズな英語で発表することができる（発表者）
- 発表者が正しい英語で発表すれば、内容を正しく理解することができる（聞き手）
- 理解した内容について、発表者に対して適切な質問をすることができる（聞き手）
- 聞き手が質問したことを確実に理解し、適切に答えることができる（発表者）
関連サイト
学習指導要領「生きる力」第2章各教科 第9節外国語 – 文部科学省
各中・高等学校の外国語教育における「CAN-DOリスト」の形での学習到達目標設定のための手引き – 文部科学省
中学校英語のCAN-DOリスト、新・学習指導要領でどう変わる – weblio英会話
平成29年度 英語力調査結果（中学3年生・高校3年生）の概要 – 文部科学省
中学生の英語力アップにはweblio英会話がおすすめです
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