Every child has the right to receive primary education. It contributes significantly to the reduction of extreme poverty and the promotion of social change. However, 58 million children in elementary school are not enrolled. The bulk of them is from underprivileged communities. The Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) data show that many children lack core reading and numerical skills.

Males and females have physical and social differences. But girls and women need equal rights and opportunities without discrimination. Unfortunately, there are some gender issues around wage inequality, employment, physical violence, sexual harassment, marriage, and pregnancy.

Data shows that 49 countries still lack laws protecting women from domestic violence, whereas 39 nations prevent daughters from having an equal inheritance compared to sons. In 87 countries, 1 out of 5 women and girls under the age of 50 experienced physical and sexual violence by their partners within the last 12 months. Harmful practices like child marriage steal the childhoods of 15 million girls under the age of 18 every year.

Women do 2.6 times more unpaid care and domestic work than men, which leads to lower earnings and less time for non-work activities.

Women and girls are still currently treated as second-class citizens in Iran. The　expert says in a report to the Human Rights Council that thousands of child marriages occur among girls aged between 10 and 19 each year.

By law, girls as young as 13 can marry. Not only that, but younger girls can also legally marry with judicial and paternal consent. Based on official government data, over 16,000 girls aged between 10 and 14 have married in half a year.

Although there has been some progress in education and citizenship rights, Iranian women are still discriminated against in other areas like marriage, divorce, employment, and culture. Iranian women are either restricted or need permission from their husbands or guardians.

More security measures against violence must be taken to protect women and children.

In 2020, across the world, almost 5 million children under the age of five died. These large mortality numbers are mostly due to illnesses that can be prevented or treated. By knowing the correct preventive measures for infectious diseases or having enough knowledge about gender, we can create a healthy and long-lived society.

Every child has the right to a primary education. Primary education is typically designed for children aged 6 to 11. It plays an important role in reducing extreme poverty and promoting social change.

In 2019, roughly four out of every five children completed primary school. Furthermore, the number of out-of-school children has decreased by nearly 40% in the last two decades. However, 58 million primary school-aged children remain out of school. The majority of them come from low-income communities.

Data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) show that many children lack foundational reading and math skills. It means that providing a high-quality education to all children is a major challenge.

There are some problems with the education system in Pakistan. The first is that there are many different educational systems. This may divide people and lead to conflict. Another one is that the curriculum is outdated and focuses on memorization rather than critical thinking.

But the biggest problem in Pakistan is the high rate of dropouts. According to a 2017 study, 40 percent of children aged 5 to 6 did not go to school. The major factors that contribute to this problem include the poor education system, poverty, and child labor.