少し離れたところにある1つのものをさして表現するときには、That is….と言います。
あるものが少し離れたところに2つ以上あり、それらをさして表現する場合は「Those are ~」といいます。
“Those are penguins!
“What is that?”
That is ~
あれは~です。
|
|
Those are ~
あれらは~です。
|
|
bird
鳥
|
|
lion
ライオン
|
|
fast
速い
|
|
many
たくさんの
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
What are those? |
STUDENT:
|
Those are birds. |
TUTOR:
|
Wow. There are so many of them! What is that? |
STUDENT:
|
That is a lion. Lions are strong and run fast. |
STUDENT:
|
What are those? |
TUTOR:
|
Those are birds. |
STUDENT:
|
Wow. There are so many of them! What is that? |
TUTOR:
|
That is a lion. Lions are strong and run fast. |
Sample Question: | Are those clothes? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, those are clothes. / No, those are not. |
1. | Is that a fish? |
Answer: |
2. | Are those cars? |
Answer: |
1. | Is that an orange? |
Answer: |
2. | Are those houses? |
Answer: |
( computer / that / is / a ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
( those / sandwiches / are ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
Tell me your memories of elementary school.
単数形と複数形(This/These)_Singular/Plural(This/These)
近くにある1つのものをさして表現するときには、This is….と言います。
あるものが近くに2つ以上あり、それらをさして表現する場合は「These are ~」といいます。
“What are these?”
“These are hamburgers.”
this
これ
|
|
these
これら
|
|
sandwich
サンドイッチ
|
|
hamburger
ハンバーガー
|
|
favorite
一番好きな、お気に入りの
|
|
food
食べ物
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Hello. What is that? |
STUDENT:
|
This is a hamburger. |
TUTOR:
|
I have some sandwiches. |
STUDENT:
|
They look nice! Sandwiches are my favorite food. |
STUDENT:
|
Hello. What is that? |
TUTOR:
|
This is a hamburger. |
STUDENT:
|
I have some sandwiches. |
TUTOR:
|
They look nice! Sandwiches are my favorite food. |
Sample Question: | Is this a pen? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, it is. This is a pen. |
1. | Is this a box? |
Answer: |
2. | Is this a table? |
Answer: |
1. | _______ these books? |
Answer: |
2. | Is _______ a guitar? |
Answer: |
( is / a / this / basketball ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
( pencils / are / these ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
What’s your favorite fast food?
単数形と複数形(We/They)_Singular/Plural(We/They)
「we」(わたしたち/我々)は、「I」(自分の事)も入れた仲間のことを表します。
「they」は、自分(I)と自分が話している相手(you)を含まないものを表します。
“We love dogs.”
“They are really cute.”
animal
動物
|
|
sister
姉妹
|
|
picture
写真
|
|
we
私たち
|
|
they
彼ら、彼女ら
|
|
small
小さい
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Do you like animals? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, I do. My sister and I have three dogs. We really love them. |
TUTOR:
|
I love dogs! Do you have a picture of your dogs? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, I do. They are small. |
TUTOR:
|
They are really cute. |
STUDENT:
|
Do you like animals? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, I do. My sister and I have three dogs. We really love them. |
STUDENT:
|
I love dogs! Do you have a picture of your dogs? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, I do. They are small. |
STUDENT:
|
They are really cute. |
Sample Question: | Do your parents like cats? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, they like cats. |
1. | Are your teachers kind? |
Answer: |
2. | Do Japanese people like sushi? |
Answer: |
1. | Are we Americans? |
Answer: |
2. | Do we study English? |
Answer: |
( your / are / friends ) nice? | |
? |
Answer: |
( speak / your / do / friends ) English? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
What animals do you like?
Answer: |
単数形と複数形(pen/pens)_Singular/Plural(pen/pens)
基本的に、本、木、イヌなど、1つの個体として捉えられるものを示すときには、a book, a tree, a dogのように、名詞の前にaをつけます。
ただし、a / e / i / o / u などの母音で始まる名詞の前ではanを使います。
例)an apple, an orange
a [ an ] には「ひとつの」という意味があります。複数(2つ以上)のときには、名詞の語尾に-s, -es, -iesをつけて示します。
例)dogs, dishes, babies
“I have a blue pen and two green pens.”
“My shoes are new.”
black
黒
|
|
blue
青
|
|
pet
ペット
|
|
some
いくつかの
|
|
Do you ~?
~しますか?
|
|
have
持っている
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Do you have a pen? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, I do. I have three pens. |
TUTOR:
|
Do you have a black pen? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes. I have two black pens and a blue pen. |
STUDENT:
|
Do you have a pen? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, I do. I have three pens. |
STUDENT:
|
Do you have a black pen? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes. I have two black pens and a blue pen. |
Sample Question: | Do you have pets? |
Sample Answer: | Yes. I have a dog and two cats. |
1. | Do you have any bags? |
Answer: |
2. | Do you have a smartphone? |
Answer: |
1. | Do you have a TV in your room? |
Answer: |
2. | Do you have any textbooks? |
Answer: |
Do you ( a / have / car ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
Do you ( want / cookies / some ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
What did you do last weekend?
Answer: |
動詞(like/play/have)_Verbs(like/play/have)
動詞は、大きく分けて「be動詞」と「一般動詞」の2種類あります。この回では「一般動詞」を学びます。
“I play the trumpet.”
“Do you like chocolate?” – “Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
Do you ~?
~ですか?
|
|
like
好き
|
|
play
演奏する
|
|
at home
家に
|
|
have
持っている
|
|
guitar
ギター
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Do you like music? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, I do. I play the piano. |
TUTOR:
|
That’s nice. I have a guitar at home. |
STUDENT:
|
That’s great. Let’s play music! |
STUDENT:
|
Do you like music? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, I do. I play the piano. |
STUDENT:
|
That’s nice. I have a guitar at home. |
TUTOR:
|
That’s great. Let’s play music! |
Sample Question: | Do you like English? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, I do. |
1. | Do you have a smartphone? |
Answer: |
2. | Do you want new shoes? |
Answer: |
1. | Do you drink coffee? |
Answer: |
2. | Do you listen to music? |
Answer: |
( you / eat / breakfast / do / every day ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
( music / you / like / do ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
Do you play video games?
Do you read/watch manga/anime?
Answer: |
形容詞_Adjective
形容詞とは、人やものなどの名詞の状態や性質を説明する語句です。
名詞の前につけて説明(修飾)する方法と、be動詞の後ろで使う方法の2つ使い方があります。
・名詞の前につける:a small flower, popular songs
・be動詞の後ろで使う:The children are cute. That movie is funny.
“It’s hot in Japan in August. It’s summer.”(be動詞の後ろにつける用法)
“The English teacher made a difficult homework.”(名詞の前につける用法)
hot
暑い
|
|
cold
寒い
|
|
interesting
興味深い
|
|
new
新しい
|
|
old
古い
|
|
famous
有名な
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Is it cold in February in Japan? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, it is. |
TUTOR:
|
It’s hot in the Philippines. It’s summer. |
STUDENT:
|
It’s interesting! |
STUDENT:
|
Is it cold in February in Japan? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, it is. |
STUDENT:
|
It’s hot in the Philippines. It’s summer. |
TUTOR:
|
It’s interesting! |
Sample Question: | Is your pen new? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, it is. |
1. | Is your bag new? |
Answer: |
2. | Is it cold in December in Japan? |
Answer: |
1. | Is your father tall? |
Answer: |
2. | Is it hot in July in the Philippines? |
Answer: |
( Sushi / a / is / famous ) Japanese food. | |
. |
( job / your/ Is ) interesting? | |
? |
Answer: |
Tell me about your family or friends.
Answer: |
前置詞・場所(on/under/in)_Prepositions of Place(on/under/in)
前置詞とは、名詞の前に置いて、空間的なイメージを表すものです。
よく使われる前置詞は、「on, in, under, at, from, to」などがあります。
“A cup is on the table.”
“Is it under the chair?”
book
本
|
|
table
テーブル、食卓
|
|
cup
コップ
|
|
on ~
~の上に
|
|
under ~
~の下に
|
|
in ~
~の中に
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Is your cup on the table? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, it is. |
TUTOR:
|
Okay. Is this my pen? |
STUDENT:
|
No, it’s not. Is it under the book? |
TUTOR:
|
Oh, it’s in my pocket. |
STUDENT:
|
Is your cup on the table? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, it is. |
STUDENT:
|
Okay. Is this my pen? |
TUTOR:
|
No, it’s not. Is it under the book? |
STUDENT:
|
Oh, it’s in my pocket. |
Sample Question: | Is the plant on the table? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, it is. |
1. | Is the guitar on the bed? |
Answer: |
2. | Are there five apples on the table? |
Answer: |
1. | Is the bag under the chair? |
Answer: |
2. | Are the books in the box? |
Answer: |
Is the car ( tree / under / the ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
( is / computer / on / the ) the desk. | |
. |
Answer: |
What are you going to do after school today?
Answer: |
be動詞(He/She)_be verbs(He/She)
人を紹介するとき、”This is 名前.”で「こちらは~(さん)です。」という言い方ができます。
“She/He is ~.”「彼女/彼は~(さん)です。」となります。
また、出身地を伝えるときは、「主語+be動詞+from+出身地」で「~出身です。」ということができます。
“She is my cousin.”
“Is he from Japan?”
she
彼女
|
|
he
彼
|
|
cousin
いとこ
|
|
the Philippines
フィリピン
|
|
cheerful
元気な、明るい
|
|
tall
背が高い、高い
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
Is Yuta your friend? |
STUDENT:
|
No, he isn’t. He is my cousin. |
TUTOR:
|
Is he from Japan? |
STUDENT:
|
Yes, he is from Kyoto. |
STUDENT:
|
Is Yuta your friend? |
TUTOR:
|
No, he isn’t. He is my cousin. |
STUDENT:
|
Is he from Japan? |
TUTOR:
|
Yes, he is from Kyoto. |
Sample Question: | Is Ms. Yamano a teacher? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, she is an English teacher. |
1. | Is your teacher kind? |
Answer: |
2. | Is your friend from Japan? |
Answer: |
1. | Is your science teacher tall? |
Answer: |
2. | Is your friend cheerful? |
Answer: |
( you / from / are ) the Philippines? | |
? |
Answer: |
( your / is / friend ) kind? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
Who is your favorite singer?
Answer: |
be動詞(時間・日付)_be verbs(Time/Date)
「What time … ?」で時間を、「What is the date … ?」で日にちを聞くことができます。
“What time is it?”
“What is the date today? – It’s the 3rd.”
What time is it?
何時ですか?
|
|
It is ~.
~です。
|
|
o’clock
~時
|
|
late
遅れた
|
|
next
次の
|
|
class
授業
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
What time is it? |
STUDENT:
|
It is two o’clock. |
TUTOR:
|
Thank you. Are we late for our next class? |
STUDENT:
|
No, we’re not. |
STUDENT:
|
What time is it? |
TUTOR:
|
It is two o’clock. |
STUDENT:
|
Thank you. Are we late for our next class? |
TUTOR:
|
No, we’re not. |
Sample Question: | Is February 14 Valentine’s Day? |
Sample Answer: | Yes, it is. |
1. | What time is it now? |
Answer: |
2. | What is the date tomorrow? |
Answer: |
1. | What time is your next class? |
Answer: |
2. | Is Christmas Day on December 25? |
Answer: |
( time / what / is ) your lunch break? | |
? |
Answer: |
( the date / What / is ) today? | |
? |
Answer: |
Answer: |
What day of the week do you like? And what day of the week don’t you like?
Answer: |
be動詞(What/It is)_be verbs(What/It is)
「What+be動詞 +○○?」で、「○○はなんですか」とたずねる疑問文になります。
“What is this?”
“It is an apple.”
What is ~?
~は何ですか?
|
|
It is ~
それは~です。
|
|
umbrella
かさ
|
|
nice
すてきな
|
|
favorite
お気に入りの
|
|
yellow
黄色の
|
Answer: |
TUTOR:
|
What is it? |
STUDENT:
|
It is an umbrella. This is my favorite one. I like yellow. |
TUTOR:
|
It’s nice! |
STUDENT:
|
Thank you. |
STUDENT:
|
What is it? |
TUTOR:
|
It is an umbrella. This is my favorite one. I like yellow. |
STUDENT:
|
It’s nice! |
TUTOR:
|
Thank you. |
Sample Question: | What is it? |
Sample Answer: | It is a dog. |
1. | What is it? |
Answer: |
2. | What is it? |
Answer: |
1. | What is it? |
Answer: |
2. | What is it? |
Answer: |
( is / this / what ) ? | |
? |
Answer: |
( it / a / is / book ). | |
. |
What did you have for dinner last night?