All posts by weblio PH

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson69 : Women’s Influence Growing in US Men’s Professional Basketball

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. influence /IN-flu-ens/
  -the power to affect how someone thinks or behaves, or how something develops
  The influence of youth in achieving sustainable goals is evidently growing.
2. evident /E-vi-dent/
  -obvious to everyone and easy to see or understand
  It is evident that factories are contributing to the pollution.
3. rise /rayz/
  -to increase in level
  The rise in the prices of commodities is alarming.
4. leap /lip/
  -a sudden improvement or increase
  The company took a great leap after operating worldwide.
5. race /reys/
  -one of the groups that people are divided into according to physical characteristics
  Discrimination based on race should not be tolerated.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Women’s Influence Growing in US Men’s Professional Basketball
The growing influence of women in the National Basketball Association (NBA), the men’s professional basketball league in North America has become evident with the rise of several women in the organization. The involvement of women in the organization can be seen from broadcasting, officiating, and coaching to high-level management and even team ownership. Currently, 11 women are serving as assistant coaches in the thirty (30) NBA teams. One of them is Boston Assistant Coach Kara Lawson. She was a basketball star back in her University and has won several medals and awards in the field of basketball in the past few years. Player Gordon Hayward commended her as she was very experienced and well-versed in the field. Another woman assistant coach in the league is Kristi Toliver. Aside from being an assistant coach for NBA’s Washington Wizards team, she is also playing for WNBA’s Washington Mystics. Former professional basketball player Nancy Lieberman sees these trends as a great leap from the time when women’s presence in NBA was very rare. Richard Lapchick, who examines racial and gender hiring numbers for the NBA, believes that soon, NBA will have its first female head coach.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. What are the involvements of women in NBA?
2. Why is Assistant Coach Kara Lawson commended by a player?
3. What does Richard Lapchick believe about the future of NBA?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Do you watch NBA? Why or why not?
2. Have you also noticed this trend in the league? Please tell me more about it.
3. What can you say about women’s influence in the game?
4. How do you think can their involvement be furthered?
5. How do you characterize the role which women play in the field of basketball nowadays?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson70 : Georgia Museum Devoted to Bigfoot

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. envision /en-VI-zhen/
  -to imagine something happening, or think that something is likely to happen
  We should envision a world wherein no one is left behind.
2. research /re-SERCH/
  -to study a subject in detail or to try to find information about a subject
  The students will research the link between labor and capital.
3. exhibit /IG-zib-it/
  -an object such as a painting that is shown to the public
  The exhibit featured the works of Van Gogh.
4. feature /FI-cher/
  -to include someone or something as an important part
  The magazine featured the story of a great leader.
5. allege /a-LEJ/
  -to say that something is true or state something as a fact without giving proof
  The women alleged that the politician is involved in corruption.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Georgia Museum Devoted to Bigfoot
In the mountains of northern Georgia, what once was a restaurant, has now become a museum dedicated to Bigfoot or Sasquatch, an ape-like creature that is said to inhabit the forests. The owners of this place are David and Malinda Bakara. David has long been a member of the Bigfoot Field Researchers Organization. Being a bigfoot field researcher and a Disney fan, David envisions the place to be something like a family attraction. Some people’s attention was drawn to the exhibit while some are not. The museum features several maps, statues, and videos of bigfoot. It also has statements from people who claim to have seen a bigfoot in real life. Some say that it is very human-like to the point that shooting them felt wrong. A glass container can also be found in the museum which allegedly contains feces of a bigfoot in Oregon. The place is very welcoming when it comes to people who provide additional evidence to support the existence of the bigfoot. According to David, who claims to have seen two bigfoots, these creatures come in many subspecies, and that the terms used to call them also vary from one place to another. Despite doubt of other people as to its existence, David says that it was fine with him as he knows that he will never be able to persuade everyone.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. What are bigfoots?
2. What does Bakara envision for the place?
3. What can be seen in the Bigfoot museum?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Why do you think some people doubt the existence of bigfoot?
2. Why do you think some people, like Bakara, are firm in believing the existence of bigfoot?
3. What do you think might persuade the non-believers?
4. Do you think bigfoots exist? Why?
5. Do you cling to the phrase “to see is to believe”?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson86 : What’s So Bad About Processed Foods?

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. obesity /oh-BEE-si-tee/
  -the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health
  Obesity increases the risk of heart diseases.
2. additive /AD-i-tiv/
  -a substance that is added to food in order to improve its taste or appearance or to keep it fresh and stop it from decaying
  Food color is one additive put on some foods.
3. hormone /HAWR-mohn/
  -any of various chemicals in the body that are carried by the blood and that influence the body’s growth and how it works
  The medicine helps maintain his high hunger hormone.
4. unclear /uhn-KLEER/
  -not obvious or easy to see or know
  The instructions in the manual remain unclear.
5. nutrient /NOO-tree-uhnt/
  -any substance that plants or animals need in order to live and grow
  Nutrients found in soil are essential for plants to survive.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
What’s So Bad about Processed Foods?
Processed foods such as chips and soda contain high amounts of salt, sugar, and fat. Scientists are looking further into other factors that may harm human health by eating packaged foods. According to scientists, processed foods are linked to the increase in obesity rate worldwide. The main cause is how these foods are made. They are mass produced that require little to no cooking, and additives are added to the packed foods. Even morning cereals, energy bars, and some types of yogurt are considered processed foods. A four-week study involving 20 people run by researchers at the National Institutes of Health showed that those who ate processed foods consume 500 more calories a day on top of what they normally eat. Furthermore, when people are fed less processed foods, they produced more hormones that control hunger. The reason behind this reaction is still unclear. Individuals are also noted to eat processed foods more quickly. The sources of nutrients differ as well. Fibers from fruits and vegetables are notably better at making people feel full compared to fibers found in processed foods.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. Based on the article, how are processed foods made?
2. As a result of the research, how many more calories do people consume when eating processed foods?
3. What type of hormones do humans produce when fed less processed foods?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. What can you say about the number of calories people consume a day when eating processed foods?
2. Why do you think people eat processed foods more quickly?
3. How often do you think should people eat processed foods?
4. How can people limit or stop themselves from consuming unhealthy foods?
5. What is your ideal diet plan?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson71 : Non-alcoholic ‘Mocktails’ Growing in Popularity

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. urge /erj/
  -to encourage someone to do or achieve something
  My parents urged me to perform in big crowds.
2. confine /KON-fayn/
  -to prevent someone from leaving a place or to prevent something from spreading
  The people should be confined within the area only.
3. venture /VEN-chur/
  -to leave a safe place and go somewhere that may involve risks
  The company is trying to venture into a new field of business.
4. promote /pro-MOWT/
  -to encourage something to happen or develop
  A good leader shall promote the welfare of its citizens.
5. community /kuh-MYOO-ni-tee/
  -the people living in one particular area or people who are considered as a unit because of their common interests, social group, or nationality
  He’s well known in the local community.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Non-alcoholic ‘Mocktails’ Growing in Popularity
Bandrovschi was urged by a friend to stop drinking alcohol for a month and she agreed. She claimed that she was not really a drinker so it was easy for her. Little did she know, she was able to realize that it is not only easy to do away from alcohol but, is also more enjoyable for her to go out with friends without drinking alcohol. With this, she decided to open Listen Bar, one among the growing number of alcohol-free bars in the United States. These bars are popular for their ‘mocktails’. Mocktail is a wordplay from the word ‘cocktail’. This is usually an iced drink made with any of various ingredients such as juice, herbs, and soda water, but without alcohol. This has become popular these days especially for young people. According to Amanda Topper, an international market researcher, this led to fewer people drinking alcohol in public places and providing women with safer and more enjoyable bars. The idea of mocktails is not just confined to alcohol-free bars as some regular bars are serving them too. Traditional suppliers are also becoming part of the movement. Even beer suppliers are trying to venture into non-alcoholic drinks. The idea is to promote a community wherein people can socialize without the need for alcoholic drinks.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. What made Bandrovschi stop drinking?
2. What is a mocktail?
3. What do non-alcoholic drinks try to encourage?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Do you think such a strategy is effective?
2. Why do you think some people enjoy socializing without alcohol?
3. In the passage, how do you think alcohol influences social connections?
4. Do you think that this movement towards alcohol-free spaces will be beneficial?
5. How is your willingness to support such kind of movement?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson72 : Why Americans Spend Billions of Dollars on Fantasy Football

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. fantasy /FAN-ta-si/
  -a situation or event that you imagine, which is not real or true
  Being in Disneyland feels like a fantasy.
2. competition /kom-pi-TISH-uhn/
  -a situation in which someone is trying to win something or be more successful than someone else
  My friend will join the world chess competition.
3. commence /KO-mens/
  -to begin something
  The ceremony will commence in a few minutes.
4. approximation /uh-prok-suh-MEy-shuhn/
  -a guess of a number that is not exact but that is close
  Could you give me a rough approximation of how many people will be coming?
5. combine /kom-BAYN/
  -to become mixed or joined, or to mix or join things together
  The chances of winning will be higher if the groups will be combined.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Why Americans Spend Billions of Dollars on Fantasy Football
Nima Vaez-Zadeh has been playing fantasy football for years. In fact, checking the performance of his fantasy football team had been part of his daily routine. This may be the case not just for Vaez-Zadeh, but for a lot of Americans as well. Fantasy football is a competition wherein participants get to pick players from the real league, the National Football League (NFL), and score points according to their performance. When the season starts to commence, participants will give money which will form part of the ‘pot’ for the league. The performances of the players from the real league will be scored and the participant with the highest score will get the money from the pot. The Fantasy Sports and Gaming Association’s approximations show that 59 million are playing fantasy games in the United States and Canada combined. But, according to Andrew Challenger, these leagues are costing US businesses billions of dollars. With the competence required in the game, workers need to check on the performance of their players requiring them to use a daily average of thirty minutes. This time could have gone to the business, but instead, it is paid to the employee in a time when he is not actually working. As to Vaez-Zadeh, aside from the fun and entertainment, you can get from playing, it also allows you to reconnect and keep in touch with your friends.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. How do you understand fantasy football?
2. How can fantasy football cost billions to businesses?
3. Aside from the entertainment, what encourages other people to participate?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Are you personally familiar with fantasy football?
2. What do you know about the matter so far?
3. Do you think it is more advantageous or disadvantageous? Why do you think so?
4. If there is such a league in your area, will you consider joining?
5. Will you agree that this is a good avenue to strengthen ties with other people? Why do you think so?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson73 : Why Americans Don’t Wear White After Labor Day

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. right /rayt/
  -something that the law allows you to do
  Every state should recognize a person’s right to life.
2. formal /FOR-mal/
  -describes language, clothes and behavior that are traditional and correct
  In attending hearings, one should wear formal clothes.
3. ignore /ig-NOR/
  -to pay no attention to something or someone
  The mother ignored the complaints of her child.
4. wealthy /WEL-thee/
  -rich
  He’s a very wealthy man
5. ease /is/
  -If you do something with ease, it is easy for you to do it.
  She was able to deliver her speech with ease.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Why Americans Don’t Wear White after Labor Day
Every September, Americans celebrate Labor Day, a day to celebrate workers’ rights. But as to them, it also meant not wearing white until the following May, the day after Memorial Day. One reason for this is the weather. Since it is summer from June to September, people prefer to wear light-colored clothes during these months. Historically, Americans used to wear formal clothes all year. Thus, the wearing of white seems like a breather to them. It also became a fashion rule especially to the wealthy. Back in the 1930s, wealthy people only wear white while they are on summer vacation in cozy hotels. Eventually, wearing white had become related to ease, beauty and money. It became an unspoken rule in fashion if one is rich or purports to be one. Nowadays, people have been encouraged to ignore the rule. Fashion magazines cite Coco Chanel, Kim Kardashian, and Michelle Obama as examples of personalities who wear white during all seasons.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. What does Labor Day mean to the Americans?
2. In the 1930s, wearing white is characterized with what?
3. How did the non-wearing of white evolve as an unspoken fashion rule?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. What do you think about this culture?
2. Will you be willing to do the same?
3. Why do you think people are now being encouraged to ignore the rule?
4. Is there an existing strange rule in your country as well? Tell me more about it.
5. Do you think this kind of fashion rule can be sustainable and followed in your country?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson74 : Aluminum Cans or Plastic Bottles?

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. shift /shift/
  -to change an idea, attitude, etc.
  When she had a change of heart, she decided to shift to another degree program.
2. rage /reyj/
  -very strong anger that you cannot control
  The mother’s rage caused her children to be afraid of her.
3. infinitely /IN-fi-nit-li/
  -very much
  Travel is infinitely more comfortable now than it used to be.
4. pollute /pol-YUT/
  -to make water, air, soil, etc. dirty or harmful
  The chemical released by the factory pollutes the lake nearby.
5. contribute /kon-TRI-byut/
  -to give something, especially money, in order to provide or achieve something together with other people
  She was able to contribute to the music industry.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Aluminum Cans or Plastic Bottles?
Bottled water companies have been shifting from the use of plastic bottles to the use of recycled aluminum cans. This is pursuant to the people’s rage stemming from the fact that plastic bottles severely pollute water. But, will the use of recycled aluminum cans, in lieu of plastic bottles be beneficial to the environment? As the aluminum companies claim, the aluminum cans are infinitely recyclable. Furthermore,
compared to plastic bottles with 3 percent recycled content, aluminum cans have 68. However, the problem lies with the production of aluminum cans. It has an estimated carbon footprint twice as much as compared with plastic bottles. With its smelting process, it contributes a lot to air pollution. Despite these, it cannot be said that aluminum cans will permanently replace plastic bottles for a lot of reasons. First, the production of aluminum cans is more costly than plastic bottles. It would mean higher prices for water. Another reason is convenience, while plastic bottles can be open and closed easily, aluminum cans stay open. But what is important and can be seen as development is that companies are trying to venture into new ideas which will help decrease the pollution in the environment.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. Why are the companies shifting from plastic bottles to aluminum cans?
2. What problems does the use of aluminum cans pose to the environment?
3. What benefits can be acquired with the use of aluminum cans?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Which of the two materials would you prefer?
2. Would affordability matter to you more compared to convenience?
3. In your opinion, should companies promote the use of aluminum cans?
4. How should we weigh the advantages and disadvantages of both?
5. What could be another way to combat the issue of plastic bottles?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson75 : Blind Man Given a Chance to See

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. device /de-VAYS/
  -a piece of equipment that is used for a particular purpose
  The cellphone is the most popular device for communication.
2. regain /ri-GEYN/
  -to get something back again
  After the accident, the athlete is resting to regain his strength.
3. independent /in-di-PEN-dent/
  -not taking help or money from other people
  She studies well so she can be independent in the future.
4. defect /DI-fekt/
  -a fault or problem with someone or something
  She brought the laptop back to the store because it has a defect.
5. envision /en-VI-shen/
  -to imagine something happening, or think that something is likely to happen
  Leaders should envision a world where no one is left behind.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Blind Man Given a Chance to See
With the advent of technology, blind people are now given a chance to see. Jason Esterhuizen had lost his sight after a car accident. He never thought that he would be able to see again, but it was made possible with the use of a device. According to him, the device does not give one full and normal eyesight, but as to him, he is
already happy as it allows him to move around. Dr. Nader Pouratian, one of the
researchers who developed the new technology said that the device was geared
towards helping blind people to be independent. The device is using several parts and is also put in several parts of a person. One is placed in the brain while others are in the glasses and the clothes. All these parts are interconnected which helps users to regain sense or see some movement of lights. The device is called Orion and is still undergoing tests at the UCLA Medical Center in California and the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas. Esterhuizen is just one of the two people who were given the chance to use the device. As for him, the results have been amazing. The makers of Orion envision this device to be helpful also to people who had lost their eyesight due to disease and those who were born with defects specifically eyesight.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. How was the blind man given a chance to see?
2. What did the device allow the man to experience?
3. What does the maker of Orion envision?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. What can you say about the device?
2. Do you think this device will be favored by many?
3. How will you characterize the future of this device?
4. What do you think about artificial aids in general?
5. Do you think there could also be disadvantages with the device?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)|コラムディスカッション(上級)
Lesson77 : Beekeeping May Reduce Stress and Depression

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. sustain /su-STEYN/
  -to cause or allow something to continue for a period of time
  She was able to sustain her living situation by working.
2. acquire /a-KWAYR/
  -to get something
  After she acquired her bachelor’s degree, she went abroad to work.
3. therapy /THE-ra-pi/
  -the work of treating mental or physical illness without using an operation
  After the trauma she went through, she started psychological therapy.
4. trauma /TRO-ma/
  -severe shock caused by an unpleasant experience, or the experience which causes this feeling
  After the accident, the victim suffered trauma.
5. suffer /SA-fer/
  -to experience pain or unpleasant emotions
  She suffered a lot after she has lost her husband.
PART B_1
Let’s read the article. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
Beekeeping May Reduce Stress and Depression
As major pollinators, the role of bees in the sustain of our food supply is very evident. However, benefits which we may acquire from is not limited to this.
Researchers say that bees can also help people who are experiencing mental health problems such as anxiety, stress, depression, and other forms of mental health illness. With this, the term ‘beekeeping therapy’ was coined. Among the groups who were able to benefit from this therapy are military veterans. With their trauma during war, they tend to have a hard time dealing with their present lives. Vince Ylitalo is a war veteran who is currently undergoing beekeeping therapy. Having served in the military for almost 40 years, he suffers from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD. He explained that the therapy was able to help him as instead of thinking about his experiences, he is thinking all about bees. Another veteran is
Wendi Zimmerman who claims that the buzz of the bees was able to divert her attention from what she calls ‘clutter’ or the unwanted experiences of the past. Currently, there is no fact to prove that bees are helping treat the PTSD of soldiers. However, as to veteran and beekeeper Frank Bartel, it does not matter if it can be proved or not because just seeing the bees helps him relax his mind. Harvard researchers seem to agree with this opinion of Frank.
PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.
PART C_2
1. Aside from the sustenance of food, what other benefit can we get from bees?
2. Were the researchers able to prove the link between the bees and the treatment of PTSD?
3. How do the people undergoing beekeeping therapy reacted to this lack of proof?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. Do you personally believe that beekeeping helps treat mental illnesses?
2. How do you think bees were able to improve the situation of these people?
3. Have you heard about such therapy in your country?
4. In your opinion, is beekeeping beneficial?
5. What do you think drives people to undergo beekeeping therapy?
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

World Literature (Aesop Fables)|世界文学(イソップ童話)
Lesson107: The Quack Toad

PART A_1
Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.
PART A_2
1. quack /kwak/
  -a person who dishonestly pretends to have medical skills or knowledge
  The quack doctor made the people believe that taking his overpriced medicines could cure their diseases.
2. learned /LUR-nid/
  -a learned person has studied for a long time and has a lot of knowledge
  Mr. Robinson is a learned professor in the field of social sciences.
3. cure /kyoor/
  -to make someone with an illness healthy again
  The medicine cured the injured bird.
4. blotchy /BLOCH-ee/
  -covered in marks, usually temporary ones, that are not regular in shape
  His face turned red and blotchy after drinking alcohol.
5. mend /mend/
  -to repair something that is broken or damaged
  The little girl observed her mom mending holes in her father’s shirt.
PART B_1
Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
PART B_2
The Quack Toad
An old Toad once informed all his neighbors that he was a learned doctor. In fact he could cure anything. The Fox heard the news and hurried to see the Toad. He looked the Toad over very carefully.

“Mr. Toad,” he said, “I’ve been told that you cure anything! But just take a look at yourself, and then try some of your own medicine. If you can cure yourself of that blotchy skin and that rheumatic gait, someone might believe you. Otherwise, I should advise you to try some other profession.”

Those who would mend others, should first mend themselves.

PART C_1
Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.
PART C_2
1. What did the Toad make his neighbors believe?
2. What did the Fox do upon hearing the news about the Toad?
3. Why didn’t the Fox believe the Toad’s claims?
PART D_1
Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.
PART D_2
1. In your opinion, why did the Toad pretend to be a doctor who could cure anything?
2. Do you agree with what the Fox did? Explain your answer.
3. Why do you think people fall for quack doctors?
4. What is your understanding of the fable’s lesson?
5. Have you had an experience similar to the fable’s lesson? Tell me more about it.
REVIEW AND FEEDBACK
Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)
Grammar
文法
Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語
Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR
文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR
文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.