Dr. Ludwig Guttman used sports as an important step in recovery. Wheelchair polo and archery were the sports first introduced to the patients. These are sports that only use upper body strength to compete with others. In 1948, Guttman organized an archery competition on the hospital grounds. 16 patients from Stoke Mandeville and other hospitals competed against each other. As more sports and teams were added, the event began to spread. In 1960, the first international games for the disabled were held in Rome. As 400 athletes from 23 countries joined the competition, the event eventually developed into the Paralympic Games.

The patients enjoyed playing the games and competing with each other. Aside from helping them feel better, the Paralympics gave them opportunities to meet other people and helped the patients return to society. Philip Lewis, one of Guttman’s patients and a Paralympic medalist, showed his talent in archery and table tennis. He later represented Great Britain in the Paralympics. Lewis said that Guttman knew that sports were good for us, both physically and mentally. The Paralympic games give hope and courage to people as they spread all over the world. Athletes know that it is ability, not disability, that counts to live life to the fullest.

Falling in love is a universal fact. It has a power that is often beyond our control. But why do people fall in love, and how do they choose the people they love?

According to American psychiatrist Thomas Lewis, people fall in love due to their childhood experiences. In his theory, he argued that our brains remember how comfortable it was to experience physical closeness as a child, such as being held in a mother’s arms. As we get older, we seek the same experience, and when we love someone, we hope to go back to the past and enjoy the same comfort and affection again.

On the other hand, genetics theory states that we are attracted to people who have different types of genes from our own. This is because combining different types of genes strengthens the immune system. According to a study, a woman is more likely to have a healthier baby by choosing a man with genes different from hers.

Lastly, Helen Fisher, an American researcher, found that when people are in love, their brains release a lot more dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical that is released when we engage in an exciting or enjoyable activity.

Which theory do you think best explains why we fall in love?

You and your friend Takeshi are driving. Takeshi will park his car in City Corner Parking. Answer Takeshi’s questions based on the following notice.

You and your friend Naomi will buy some pants. Answer Naomi’s questions based on the following notice.

Martine Rothblatt believes that “mind clones” will be humanity’s biggest invention within twenty years. The concept of cloning human brains for robotic bodies to use has been described numerous times in science fiction works.

However, Google director Rey Kurzweil said that our bodies could be replaced by machines within ninety years. Some people may even be digitally immortal. His 1999 book, “The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence,” mentions one possible future of blurring boundaries between human intelligence and artificial intelligence. World problems such as hunger, war, and pollution can be solved if super-intelligent transhumans become hundreds of times smarter. On the other hand, computer-based intelligence acting “fairly” by human standards may not be guaranteed. Kurzweil mentioned that humans who become part of AI systems in the late 21st century might regard ordinary humans as second-class citizens. Furthermore, ordinary people may not be able to keep up with super-intelligent transhumans.

If “mind clones” become possible in the future, would you like to purchase a robotic version of yourself?