Guttman was born into a Jewish family in 1899. At eighteen years old, he helped patients at a local hospital. One day, Guttman was shocked to see a young man with a broken back kept in a cast. The patient had lost his ability to move and his hope for the future. Guttman was told that the patient would die in three months, but only after five weeks, the young man passed away. This incident led Guttman to study medicine at the university.

Guttman flew from Germany to England with his wife and children in 1939. He started working at Stoke Mandeville Hospital a few years later, and most of the patients at the hospital were suffering from serious injuries. Seeing the depressed patients, Guttman decided to change the situation. He improved the quality of medical care and hired a physical trainer from the army to build up the patients’ strengths. In a few years, an 80% death rate turned to an 80% survival rate.

She started Sirius Satellite Radio, a service that allows customers to listen to nearly a thousand different radio stations online. In 2007, Rothblatt created a simple replica of her partner’s brain and uploaded it into Bina48. The life-like robot was capable of having short conversations with humans. However, Bina48 cannot hold long conversations that seem fully “human.”

When you feel upset, there is a tremendous urge to defend yourself and argue. The key to resolving this is to back off and try a different approach. The bottom line is to never defend the “truth.” When you give up the idea that you have a monopoly on the “truth” and instead understand the other person’s viewpoint, people will be more willing to understand yours and hear you out.

Changes in vocabulary, on the other hand, happen more quickly. English has grown by adopting words from other languages, such as French, Spanish, and Arabic, to name a few. These changes are mostly applicable to foods. For instance, “tofu” and “sushi,” even “edamame” are listed in English dictionaries. Slang, terms that enter and leave the vocabulary every year, are becoming well-known, too.

English is spoken by many people worldwide. Although American and British versions are always changing, so are other types like in Canada, Singapore, and elsewhere. In a way, learning English is a never-ending process for everyone, even native speakers.

For example, a map is folded at the right angles into a small size. Once unfolded, it is uneasy to fold it back. We may end up tearing the map after it is repeatedly folded and unfolded. The solution lies in Miura-Ori: we can open and close a map with a single pull at two diagonal corners. One-pull maps are also available at stores. Another example is drink cans. The diamond-shaped patterns in drink cans save material while maintaining the same structural strength. Miura-Ori can be found in nature as well. After a bud breaks, leaves spread out to get as much sunlight as possible. Additionally, flying insects take out and unfold their wings from their outer shells to fly. If Dr. Miura Koryo had not invented Miura-Ori, these wonders of nature would be unnoticed.

People can learn the folding technique through a website, though much practice is needed. On the other hand, people will be impressed by the state-of-the-art origami engineering once we master it.

The history of English began around 1,500 years ago. European groups invaded England, bringing their languages with them. These languages gradually developed into Old English. In 1066, the country was again invaded by the Normans from France, causing the language to go through a shift, leading to what we now call Middle English. Over the next 500 years, the English language underwent more shifts, eventually evolving into Modern English.

Pronunciation is one of the most distinct areas of change in the language. For example, people used to say “hus” and “mus” in Old English, but these words are now pronounced “house” and “mouse.” Additionally, there are variations of English pronunciation in the US, the UK, Australia, and elsewhere. When people who speak the same language live in different places, it undergoes a rapid change in each location.

You may be completely unaware that you are doing this. A woman’s husband once said, “Sarah, you always do exactly what you want without considering my needs.” Sarah denied and explained that she had to prioritize her studies to prepare for big exams. Sarah may think she is being honest and reasonable, but she made the mistake of arguing that she is correct and her husband is wrong by denying his statement. She was not trying to understand his point of view and focused only on her needs. This was what exactly her husband was complaining about.