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[TOEFL] Task 4 Exercise2

PASSAGE READING

Please read the passage silently for 45 seconds.
Then, please read the passage aloud.

45秒で以下の文章を黙読してください。その後、音読しましょう。

READ

Laughing is essential to people as it is one of their ways to express their emotions. It also helps them feel better since it improves their mood. Another reason why people laugh is to communicate with others. It helps them build relationships. According to a study, laughing is associated with human interaction. In fact, people laugh for about 30 times more when they are with other people as compared to when they are alone.

LECTURE READING

I will read aloud the lecture part. Please take down notes while I’m reading.
After that, please read aloud the lecture part.

講師が講義の一部を音読します。講師が読んでいる間にメモを取りましょう。
その後、音読してください。

READ

In today’s lesson, we will be discussing the reasons why people laugh. Laughing has always been a huge part of people’s lives; they can’t go on a day without it. People laugh to express their emotions. They usually laugh when they hear funny jokes or when they are being tickled.

However, people do not only laugh because of funny jokes, they also laugh to communicate. People laugh for about 30 times more during conversations with their family and friends. It is their reactions to statements and comments. In social interactions, people laugh to display some sense of belongingness. It is a way to show the people around them that they understand and agree with them. A study on human relationships reveals that families, couples or friends who deal with problems through laughter feel less stressed. They feel it most especially when they are doing it together. When these problems turn into positive emotions, people feel a lot better both physically and mentally.

QUESTION

Using the examples in the lecture, please explain the reason why people laugh.

人はどのようなときに笑うのか、講義内の例を用いて説明してください。

ANSWER

You have 60 seconds to answer. Please start now.

60秒で回答します。回答を始めてください。

ANSWER

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

Now, let’s check the sample answer. Please repeat after me.

解答例を見ます。講師に続いて読みましょう。

SAMPLE ANSWER

The professor is talking about the reasons why people laugh, the topic mentioned in the reading passage.

According to the reading passage, people laugh to express their emotions. He also mentions that they laugh to communicate.

The professor gives 2 examples to show the connection of laughter to human interaction by saying that people usually laugh during conversations with their family and friends.

The first point in the reading passage explains that people laugh to express their emotions.

The professor explains that they usually laugh when they hear funny jokes or when they are being tickled.

The second point in the reading passage mentions that people also laugh to communicate.

The professor mentions that it is their reactions to statements and comments during conversations.

[Presentation] Practice 3

READING ALOUD

Let’s read the sentences aloud. Please repeat after me.
文章を講師に続いて、音読しましょう。

READ

Vocabulary Sentence
allow me to…
（私に）～させる 		Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to extend a warm welcome to you.
みなさま、心より歓迎いたします。
introduce
紹介する 		Please let me introduce myself.
自己紹介させてください。
opportunity
機会 		I’d like to take this opportunity to introduce myself.
この機会に自己紹介させていただきたいと思います。
report
報告する 		In my presentation today, I’m going to report on…
本日のプレゼンテーションでは、～について報告します。
begin
始める 		Allow me to begin the presentation now.
プレゼンテーションを始めさせていただきます。
demonstrate
説明する 		Let me use a graph to demonstrate…
グラフを使って～を説明させてください。
as
～ように 		As you can see in the graph,
このグラフで分かるように、
summary
要約 		In summary,
要するに、
raise
上げる 		Please raise your hand if you have any questions.
質問がある方は手を上げてください。
adjourn
散会する。会が終わる。 		This meeting is adjourned. Thank you all for attending.
この会議は終わりです。ご出席いただきありがとうございました。
FILL IN THE BLANKS

Fill in the blanks using the given information. Please use the expressions you learned in this lesson.
与えられた情報を使って、学んだ表現の練習をしましょう。

FILL IN THE BLANKS

Introduction: Grace Langford from Spring Hill College
Spring Hill College の Grace Langford
Topic: The school clinic budget
学校の保健室の予算
Graph: The number of medical supplies stock and the number of students who visit school clinic
医療用品のストック数と保健室に来る生徒数
Data: The number of student who visited the clinic has increased by 38%
保健室に来る生徒数が38%増加している
Summary: The clinic should have enough medical supplies to take enough care of all the students
生徒に十分な手当てをするために十分な医療用品を確保すべきである
Conclusion: The school will increase the budget for medical supplies next month
来月、学校は医療用品の予算を上げる

Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to extend a warm welcome to you.
みなさま、心より歓迎いたします。
   
I’d like to thank everyone for being here today.
本日はお集まりいただき感謝いたします。
   
Please let me introduce myself. I am ____________ from ____________.
自己紹介させてください。私は ____________ の ____________ です。
   
In my presentation today, I’m going to report on ________________________.
このプレゼンテーションでは、________________________ について報告します。 
 
Allow me to begin the presentation now.
プレゼンテーションを始めさせていただきます。
   
Let me use a graph to demonstrate ________________________.
グラフを使って ________________________ を説明させてください。
   
As you can see in the graph, ________________________.
このグラフで分かるように ________________________。
   
In summary, ________________________.
要するに、 ________________________。
   
Please raise your hand if you have any questions.
質問がある方は手を上げてください。
   
Therefore, I conclude ________________________.
したがって、 ________________________ と結論を下します。
   
This meeting is adjourned. Thank you all for attending.
この会議は終わりです。ご出席いただきありがとうございました。

ROLE PLAYING

Let’s do some role play with the given information. Please use the expressions you learned in this lesson.
与えられた情報を使って、学んだ表現の練習をしましょう。

ROLE PLAY

Mary August works in Clements Academy. She will discuss the lack of educational books in their library. The current number of educational books in the academy’s library is only 1097. The number of books needed is about 50% more than its current number. The only books available are for major subjects but the students need books for all subjects. The academy will find a supplier who will be able to provide books for all subjects.

Mary August は Clements Academy で働いています。彼女は図書館に教養本が不足していることについて話します。
現在 Clements Academy にある教養本の数は1097冊のみで、必要な教養本の数は現在の約1.5倍です。現在ある本は主要科目についてのもので、生徒は他の科目についての本も必要としています。
Clements Academy は他の科目の本も販売できる会社を探します。

 

Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to extend a warm welcome to you.
みなさま、心より歓迎いたします。
   
I’d like to thank everyone for being here today.
本日はお集まりいただき感謝いたします。
   
Please let me introduce myself. I am ____________ from ____________.
自己紹介させてください。私は ____________ の ____________ です。
   
In my presentation today, I’m going to report on ________________________.
このプレゼンテーションでは、________________________ について報告します。
   
Allow me to begin the presentation now.
プレゼンテーションを始めさせていただきます。
   
Let me use a graph to demonstrate ________________________.
グラフを使って ________________________ を説明させてください。
   
As you can see in the graph, ________________________.
このグラフで分かるように ________________________。
   
In summary, ________________________.
要するに、 ________________________。
   
Please raise your hand if you have any questions.
質問がある方は手を上げてください。
   
Therefore, I conclude ________________________.
したがって、 ________________________ と結論を下します。
   
This meeting is adjourned. Thank you all for attending.
この会議は終わりです。ご出席いただきありがとうございました。

Grammar｜英文法
Lesson50: Comparative_Superlative 2 比較級・最上級 2

LESSON GOAL

Let’s check our lesson goal. In this material, you will practice comparing nouns using the comparative form of adjectives.

GRAMMAR POINT

PART A_1

Let’s read the following sentences. I will read part A, and you will read part B.
講師が A の部分を読みますので、B を制限時間 10 秒で音読しましょう。

PART A_2

A: Is your bag bigger than mine?
B: Yes, my bag is bigger than yours.

PART A_3

A: Who can run faster, John or Carlo?
B: Carlo can run faster than John.

PART A_4

A: Who is taller, you and your sister?
B: My sister is taller than me.

PART A_5

A: Which subject is easier, science or math?
B: Science is easier than math.

PART A_6

A: Which do you like better, ramen or sushi?
B: I like ramen better than sushi.

PART A_7

A: Is baseball more popular than football in your hometown?
B: No, baseball is just as popular as football in my hometown.

PART B_1

Based on the given information, please answer the questions.
与えられた情報をもとに、質問に答えてください。

PART B_2

Students’ Information

Name Age Height
Yuki 15 170 cm
Ken 14 152 cm
Lara 17 180 cm
John 16 174 cm


1. Is John older than Lara?
Answer: _______________________________________________

2. Is Ken taller than John?
Answer: _______________________________________________

3. Who is older, Yuki or Lara?
Answer: _______________________________________________

4. Who is the tallest?
Answer: _______________________________________________

PART B_3

Based on the series of pictures, make a short story. You have 20 seconds to prepare and 60 seconds to answer.
次のイラストのストーリーを説明してください。準備時間は 20 秒、回答時間は 60 秒です。

PART B_4


gtec-comparison---benette2-highres

PART C_1

Express your opinion on the following topic. Give at least one reason to support your opinion. You have 60 seconds to prepare and 60 seconds to answer.
次の内容に関して、自分の意見とその理由を 1 つ以上述べましょう。 準備時間は 60 秒、回答時間は 60 秒です。

PART C_2

Question: Some people say that studying Japanese is more difficult than studying English. What do you think about that?
Answer: _______________________________________________

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.
(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)
Grammar
文法		 Pronunciation 発音 Vocabulary
単語		 Comprehension
理解
GOOD 文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる 習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる

FAIR		 文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる 発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる 文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある

POOR		 文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる 発音の練習が必要である 習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる 文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい
TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good: Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair: Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor: Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good: Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair: Mispronounced a few words.
Poor: Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good: Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair: Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor: Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good: Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair: Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor: Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.
レッスン教材に関するアンケートのお願い

レッスン教材の改善・拡充を図ることを目的とし、アンケートを実施しております。
以下のURLからアンケートにお答えいただき、 ご意見・ご要望をお聞かせください。
アンケートはこちら

[Presentation] Practice 2

READING ALOUD

Let’s read the sentences aloud. Please repeat after me.
文章を講師に続いて、音読しましょう。

READ

 
We are very happy to be doing business with you.
一緒にビジネスをすることができ、嬉しく思います。
 
I’m pleased to see everyone here today.
本日はみなさんにお会いできて嬉しいです。
 
I’m Ana Alison from Sakura High School.
私はSakura High SchoolのAna Alisonです。
 
The subject of my presentation is…
このプレゼンテーションの主題は～。
 
Now, we will proceed to the presentation proper.
さて、プレゼンテーションに進みます。
 
The graph deals with…
そのグラフは～を取り上げています。
 
According to the data…
このデータによると～。
 
To sum up the important points in the presentation…
プレゼンテーションの重要なポイントを要約すると、～。
 
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.
質問がある方は、遠慮なく聞いてください。
 
To conclude this presentation…
このプレゼンテーションをまとめますと、～。
 
We’ve covered each item on the agenda. That will be all for today.
議題にあるすべての項目を話しました。今日は以上です。

FILL IN THE BLANKS

Fill in the blanks using the given information. Please use the expressions you learned in this lesson.
与えられた情報を使って、学んだ表現の練習をしましょう。

FILL IN THE BLANKS

Introduction: Adam Miller from Elite Institute
Elite InstituteのAdam Miller
Topic: School club fund requests
学校のクラブの費用
Graph: The current amount of fund given to each club
費用を10%増やしてほしいと希望しているクラブの数
Data: Most of the school clubs are requesting for a 10% increase on their club fund
費用を10%増やしてほしいと希望しているクラブの数
Summary: The school clubs requesting for a fund increase said that the extra fund will be used for uniforms and allowances
希望するクラブ費用の増加率
Conclusion: The school will provide the requested 10% fund increase to each club
部費を10%増やして各クラブに支給する

We are very happy to be doing business with you.
一緒にビジネスをすることができ、嬉しく思います。
 
I’m pleased to see everyone here today.
本日はみなさんにお会いできて嬉しいです。
 
I am ______________ from _______________.
私は______________の_______________です。
 
The subject of my presentation is ________________________.
このプレゼンテーションの主題は________________________。
 
Now, we will proceed to the presentation proper.
さて、プレゼンテーションに進みます。
 
The graph deals with ________________________.
そのグラフは________________________を取り上げています。
 
According to the data, _______________________.
このデータによると________________________。
 
To sum up the important points in the presentation, _______________________.
プレゼンテーションの重要なポイントを要約すると、________________________。
 
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.
質問がある方は、遠慮なく聞いてください。
 
To conclude this presentation, _______________________.
このプレゼンテーションをまとめますと、________________________。
 
We’ve covered each item on the agenda. That will be all for today.
議題にあるすべての項目を話しました。今日は以上です。

ROLE PLAYING

Let’s do some role play with the given information. Please use the expressions you learned in this lesson.
与えられた情報を使って、学んだ表現の練習をしましょう。

ROLE PLAY

Hanna Gomez works in Moonlight Ballet School. She is going to talk about the lack of teachers in their school. It is said that the current number of teachers is down to 60% and is not enough to cater all the new students. The school will need 2-3 more teachers for the next semester. The teachers will be added by about 20% more of its current number. The school will hire more teachers within the month.

 

We are very happy to be doing business with you.
 
I’m pleased to see everyone here today.
 
I am ______________ from _______________.
 
The subject of my presentation is ________________________.
 
Now, we will proceed to the presentation proper.
 
The graph deals with ________________________.
 
According to the data, _______________________.
 
To sum up the important points in the presentation, _______________________.
 
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.
 
To conclude this presentation, _______________________.
 
We’ve covered each item on the agenda. That will be all for today.

Eiken Pre 2_10

DIRECTIONS

Read the passage silently for 20 seconds. Then, read the passage aloud in 1 minute starting from the title.

READ

Visiting a Zoo

A zoo is a place where people can see different kinds of animals. Zoo workers take care of these animals by giving them food and washing them. Most animals in the zoo are friendly to visitors. Children should visit a zoo, and in this way they will learn about animals.

QUESTION 1

Please look at the passage.
According to the passage, how can children learn about animals?

ANSWER

DESCRIBING PICTURES

Please study the picture below.

PICTURE A

eiken-pre-2-10a

QUESTION 2

Please look at picture A.
They are doing different things. Tell me as much as you can about what they are doing. Please describe the picture using 5 actions.

ANSWER

1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBING PICTURES

Please study the picture below.

PICTURE B

eiken-pre-2-10b

QUESTION 3

Now, please look at the boy in picture B.
Please describe the situation.

ANSWER

QUESTION 4

Do you think it is good to let children play with animals?
 
If yes → Please tell me more.
If no → Why not?

ANSWER

QUESTION 5

Today, only a few people are interested in classical music. Do you listen to classical music?
 
If yes → Please tell me more.
If no → Why not?

ANSWER

Eiken 3_15

DIRECTIONS

Read the passage silently for 20 seconds. Then, read the passage aloud in 1 minute starting from the title.

READ

Beaches

A beach is a beautiful place to visit. It is the best place to go to during summer. People can swim and do different things, so many people love going to the beach.

QUESTION 1

Please look at the passage.
Why do many people love going to the beach?

ANSWER

PICTURE

Please study the picture below.

ANSWER

eiken-3-15-zel-2-highres

QUESTION 2

Please look at the picture.
How many balls are there?

ANSWER

QUESTION 3

Please look at the man.
What is he going to do?

ANSWER

QUESTION 4

What is your favorite meal?

ANSWER

QUESTION 5

Do you like going to the cinema?

 

If yes → Please tell me more.

If no → Why not?

ANSWER

Eiken Pre 2_9

DIRECTIONS

Read the passage silently for 20 seconds. Then, read the passage aloud in 1 minute starting from the title.

READ

Winter

Winter is the coldest time of the year. It usually starts in December and ends in January. It often snows during those months, so no one should stay outside for too long. People should wear warm clothes and eat hot meals, and by doing so they can stay warm and comfortable in Winter.

QUESTION 1

Please look at the passage.
According to the passage, how can people stay warm and comfortable in Winter?

ANSWER

DESCRIBING PICTURES

Please study the picture below.

PICTURE A

eiken-pre-2-9---a--winter--highres

QUESTION 2

Please look at picture A.
They are doing different things. Tell me as much as you can about what they are doing. Please describe the picture using 5 actions.

ANSWER

1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBING PICTURES

Please study the picture below.

PICTURE B

eiken-pre-2-9---b--winter--highres

QUESTION 3

Now, please look at the woman in picture B.
Please describe the situation.

ANSWER

QUESTION 4

Do you think it is important to prepare for winter?
 
If yes → Please tell me more.
If no → Why not?

ANSWER

QUESTION 5

Today, some people think that expensive products are better than cheap products. Do you like to buy expensive products?
 
If yes → Please tell me more.
If no → Why not?

ANSWER

Beginner Business: Recommending Revisions

GUESS THE WORD

Choose the correct meaning of the underlined word in each sentence.
下線部の言葉にもっとも近い意味を選びましょう。

ANSWER
  1. b. a company that makes/provides something people needs
  2. c. to change or to correct something
  3. a. money needed in business

ANSWER

  1. We need a new supplier of wood.
    1. a company that buys products
    2. a company that makes/provides something people needs
    3. a company that delivers something
  2. His manager wants him to do a revision of his work.
    1. to express an idea or help
    2. to go back from the beginning
    3. to change or to correct something
  3. We do not have enough capital to continue the business.
    1. money needed in business
    2. salary
    3. money spent
READING ALOUD

Let’s read the dialogue. I will be Mr. Davies and you will be Mr. Evans. After reading it once, we’ll switch roles.

会話文を読みましょう。講師がMr.Davies、あなたはMr.Evansのパートを読みます。読み終わったら交代しましょう。
READ

 

One morning, Mr. Evans is discussing a new business plan to Mr. Davies for their Yummy Tuna product.


I believe it’s a great plan to make more flavors. However, your plan needs revision on page eight. Can we take a look at this part together?
 
 
Okay, sir. As you can see on page eight, I have recommended four new flavors for our Yummy Tuna. If we sell four new flavors along with Yummy Tuna’s original flavors, we will be able to meet our sales goals before this year ends.
 

 
I see. Based on your idea, we should start selling the new flavors by the first week of December. However, don’t you think we should produce two flavors first? We can always add flavors later. We are still short on supplies and capital.
 
 
You do not have to worry, sir. I will have my team look for new suppliers. Although selling only two new flavors is a good idea, I think it is better to sell all four flavors. That way, we can get new customers.
 

 
You have your points, Mr. Evans, but I still have few things that I need to see on your plan. Kindly include the capital we need, a list of possible suppliers, and a research on our costumers. I think we can give your idea a chance.
 
 
I will get back to you next week with the revised plan. Thank you, Mr. Davies.
 
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Please answer the questions based on the dialogue.
会話文の内容について答えましょう。
ANSWER

1. What information did Mr. Davies want to see in Mr. Evans’ business plan?
Answer: ________________
2. Based on Mr. Evans’ business plan, when should they sell the four new flavors of Yummy Tuna?
Answer: ________________
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

Let’s practice some expressions. I will read each sentence first. Please read after me.
TRANSLATION
READ

First, we should let the person know that he/she did his/her work well. We could use these expressions:

  1. Your business plan sounds like a good idea and you did a great job in doing your research.
  2. You and your team has done an amazing job on this project.

Next, we could use these expressions to tell him/her of their mistake/s nicely:

  1. Even though your idea is great, I don’t think the president will accept your plan.
  2. If you look on page five of your business plan, there are pieces of information needed to be changed..

Lastly, we could use these expressions to recommend revisions:

  1. I would recommend you to include more details on your business plan such as the cost and supplies that we are going to need.
  2. It would be great if you could put more information about our target costumers.
  3. If you were able to do that, I think we can give your idea a chance.
SITUATION QUESTIONS

Please tell me what you will do given the following situations.
以下の状況のとき、あなたならどうするか話してみましょう。
ANSWER

1. During the meeting, you needed to tell your co-worker that her presentation had missing important information. How would you tell her that her presentation needs a revision?
Answer: ________________
2. You were to correct your co-worker’s project, but he gets easily hurt when someone suggests revisions for his work. How would you do to correct his work without hurting his feelings?
Answer: ________________
CONVERSATION PRACTICE

Let’s talk. Please answer my questions.
質問に答えましょう。
ANSWER

1. Was there a time when you made a suggestion to revise someone’s work (Ex. Either to a friend/classmate/workmate)?
Answer: ________________
2. Has anyone made a revision on your work without telling you?
Answer: ________________