All posts by weblio PH

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson35: The Two Goats

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　chasm	/KAZ-uhm/
	-a deep opening in earth or rock
	The chasm below the bridge is frightening.
2.　tremble	/TREM-buhl/
	-a slight shake
	He’s scared of suspension bridges because of their trembles.
3.　torrent	/TAWR-uhnt/
	-a stream of water flowing with great rapidity and violence
	The torrent swept the animals away.
4.　stubbornness	/STUHB-ern-nes/
	-the quality of being difficult to move, change, or deal with
	His refusal to talk is from simple stubbornness.
5.　misfortune	/mis-FAWR-chuhn/
	-bad luck
	Her misfortune was her downfall.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

The Two Goats

Two Goats, frisking gayly on the rocky steeps of a mountain valley, chanced to meet, one on each side of a deep chasm through which poured a mighty mountain torrent. The trunk of a fallen tree formed the only means of crossing the chasm, and on this not even two squirrels could have passed each other in safety. The narrow path would have made the bravest tremble. Not so our Goats. Their pride would not permit either to stand aside for the other.

One set her foot on the log. The other did likewise. In the middle, they met horn to horn. Neither would give way, and so they both fell, to be swept away by the roaring torrent below.

It is better to yield than to come to misfortune through stubbornness.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	Where did the two Goats meet?
2.	What hindered the two Goats from saving themselves?
3.	What did they do in order to try and survive?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Why do you think the two Goats did not survive?
2.	What do you think the Goats should have done to survive?
3.	Why is it bad to be stubborn?
4.	How can you stop someone from being stubborn?
5.	What is your understanding of the lesson’s fable?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An eBook from The Project Gutenberg.
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson96 : Specializing or Generalizing?

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　ponder	/PAN-der/
	-to think carefully about something
	Choosing a course is something one should ponder.
2.　specific	/spe-SIF-ik/
	-used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
	The specifics in the guidelines should be laid down in order to avoid confusion.
3.　specialize	/SPESH-el-ayz/
	-to spend most of your time studying one particular subject or doing one type of business
	The general physician would like to specialize in the field of neurology.
4.　desire	/di-ZAYER/
	-to want something
	She desires to be one of the company executives.
5.　crisis	/KRAY-sis/
	-a situation or time that is extremely dangerous or difficult
	Resources are becoming scarce during an economic crisis.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Which Is Better for Your Career: Specializing or Generalizing?

One may always ponder which is better, to know a little about everything or to have a deep understanding about one specific thing? This question is a subjective one depending on the situation. According to an expert, the main reason is money. Take for example a restaurant that specializes in making sushi—you will expect a high quality of sushi but at the same time, prices on the menu are also high compared to a restaurant that serves a variety of pizza, sushi, and tacos. While generally, a specialist is desired, it was proved that generalists are more likely to survive during an economic crisis as there will be more job offers for them. The size of the industry or organization should also be considered in deciding. In a small organization, being a generalist is more advantageous as one may be required to do a lot of tasks. While in large companies, are most likely looking for specialists. Another important thing is to know one’s self. You may be one who is interested in learning a little about different things or one who is enthusiastic about just one field and would like to know everything about it. However, experts say that maybe the best is a combination of both—while keeping up to date with one’s field, one must also be willing to accept changes when the necessity comes.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What is the difference between a generalist and a specialist?
2.	How can being a generalist be advantageous in times of crisis?
3.	How can there be a mix of both generalists and specialists?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What are the advantages of being a generalist?
2.	What are the advantages of being a specialist?
3.	What should one consider in deciding whether to be a generalist or a specialist?
4.	Aside from the factors mentioned, what other things might be considered in deciding?
5.	Personally, which of these two are you most inclined to be?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson34: A Raven and a Swan

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　envious	/EN-vee-uhs/
	-wanting something another person has
	The crowd was envious of the performers’ talents.
2.　alter	/AWL-ter/
	-to make different in some particular, as size, style, course, or the like; modify
	The teacher wanted to alter the activities she has given.
3.　coal	/kohl/
	-a hard, black substance that is dug from the earth in lumps and used as a fuel, or a single piece of this substance
	The miners got lots of coal in this area.
4.　woods	/woodz/
	-an area of land covered with a thick growth of trees
	The children nearly got lost in the woods.
5.　marsh	/mahrsh /
	-ground near a lake, a river, or the sea that often floods and is always wet
	The ravens enjoy staying at the marsh.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

A Raven and A Swan

A Raven, which you know is black as coal, was envious of the Swan, because her feathers were as white as the purest snow. The foolish bird got the idea that if he lived like the Swan, swimming and diving all day long and eating the weeds and plants that grow in the water, his feathers would turn white like the Swan’s.

So he left his home in the woods and fields and flew down to live on the lakes and in the marshes. But though he washed and washed all day long, almost drowning himself at it, his feathers remained as black as ever. And as the water weeds he ate did not agree with him, he got thinner and thinner, and at last he died.

A change of habits will not alter nature.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	How did the Raven feel towards the Swan? Why?
2.	What idea did the Raven think of and what did he do about it?
3.	What happened to the Raven and his plan?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What do you think the Raven should have done instead?
2.	Have you ever felt the same way as the Raven? What happened?
3.	How important is it to be contented with who you are?
4.	Why do you think that people become envious of others?
5.	What does the fable’s lesson mean to you?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Conversation(Beginner Chapter 1)｜日常会話（初級１章）
Lesson45: Manners in the restaurants　レストランでのマナー

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn new vocabulary. Listen and repeat these words with your tutor.

単語を学習しましょう。講師のあとについて音読してみましょう。

PART A_2

1.　staff　スタッフ
2.　chat　おしゃべり
3.　generous　寛大な

PART B_1

Let’s learn today’s phrases. Read the sentences below.

会話表現を学びましょう。以下の文章を音読してみましょう。

PART B_2

What are the things that we must not do in restaurants?

レストランでやってはいけないことは何ですか？

We must chat lightly while in restaurants.

レストランでは、静かにおしゃべりをしなければなりません。

PART C_1

Let’s read the dialogue. I will play Ron and you will play Emma. Then, we’ll switch roles.

以下の会話文を読みましょう。最初に講師がRon、あなたがEmmaの部分を読みます。終わったら交代しましょう。

PART C_2

Hi, Emma. What restaurant manners do you know of?

Hello, Ron. There are a lot of restaurant manners but I will just give three.

Sure.

First, we must chat lightly while in restaurants.

Oh, I see.

Yes, and we must behave politely toward the restaurant staff.

Of course, we must do that.

And if you were satisfied with the food, a generous tip for the staff would be greatly appreciated.

PART D_1

Let’s read the dialogue. Read aloud, filling in the blanks as you remember the sentence you just read.

以下の会話文を読みましょう。先ほど読んだ文を思い出しながら、空欄を埋めて音読しましょう。

PART D_2

Hi, Emma. What restaurant manners do you know of?

Hello, Ron. There are a lot of restaurant manners but I will just give three.

Sure, Emma.

First, we must chat __________________.

Oh, I see.

Yes, and ___________________ the restaurant staff.

Of course, we must do that.

And if you were satisfied with the food, a generous tip for the staff ____________________ appreciated.

PART E_1

Fill in the blanks and complete the conversation.

空欄を埋めて、以下の会話文を完成させましょう。

PART E_2

1.	A: _____________________________? B: We must chew our food slowly and quietly.
2.	A: How should we ask for something across the table? B: ______________________________.
3.	A: How should we approach the server? B: ________________________________.
4.	A: How should we sit while eating on a restaurant? B: ______________________________.
5.	A: ______________________________? B: You should arrive at the restaurant earlier than your guests.
6.	A: How should we hold our utensils? B: ________________________________.

PART F_1

Let’s do a roleplay. Talk with me according to the situation below, using the expressions you just learned.

ロールプレイをしましょう。以下のシチュエーションに沿って、講師と話をしましょう。この時、今日習った表現を使ってみましょう。

PART F_2

You are talking with a friend about the things you should avoid when inside a temple.

あなたは友人と、お寺の中のマナーや、やってはいけないことについて話しています。

PART F_3

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson95 : Ways to Achieve Your Goals

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　engagement	/in-GEYJ-ment/
	-the fact of being involved with something
	Her school engagements prevent her from doing household chores.
2.　tend	/tend/
	-to often do a particular thing or be likely to do a particular thing
	She tends to be more cautious now due to her past experiences.
3.　specific	/spe-SIF-ik/
	-used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
	The local government should be more specific in laying down guidelines to avoid confusion.
4.　guilt	/gilt/
	-a feeling of shame or unhappiness when you have done something wrong
	She felt a bit of guilt when she did not attend the class for no justifiable reason.
5.　accountable	/a-KAWN-te-bl/
	-responsible for what you do and having to be able to explain your actions
	The government should be held accountable for its actions as the public office is embraced with public trust.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Ways to Achieve Your Goals

Every year, each of us tries to promise ourselves that we will achieve a goal—may it be in one’s career, health, lifestyle, etc. However, we may get busy with our other engagements, thus, we tend to do little to no action to achieve our goal. We won’t notice but the year is about to end again and a lot of time has passed. This may also give the feeling of guilt. In order to avoid this, here are some tips on how one can achieve his/her goal. Identifying specific goals will make it easier for you to know what are tasks to focus on. Writing it on a piece of paper is also helpful as it will get the goal out of your brain into the physical world. It will also serve as a reminder for you from time to time. Telling a friend is also beneficial as it will hold you accountable for your progress and it will add pressure on you. If you have big goals, you should break them into small ones to make them more realistic and achievable. Some experts also say that it is important to reassess your goals from time to time to tailor them according to the changes that might have happened in your life. Lastly, it is not the goals, but its pursuit that keeps us going day by day. Thus, we should make sure that we are getting the best out of every experience.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	Why do we tend to do little to no action to achieve our goal?
2.	Why is it important to identify specific goals?
3.	How is telling a friend beneficial in achieving our goals?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What do you think are the things that hinder a person to achieve his/her goals?
2.	What kind of changes might occur to one’s life which will require him/her to adjust his goals?
3.	Why do you think is it important to make our goals as realistic as possible.
4.	In the pursuit of goals, how do you think one can enjoy the process?
5.	What personal goals do you have? Please tell me more about it.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson94 : Questions to Ask Before You Marry

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　compatible	/kom-PAT-e-bl/
	-if people are compatible, they like each other and are happy to spend time together
	It is very important to be surrounded by people you are compatible with.
2.　debt	/det/
	-an amount of money that you owe someone
	The debt she acquired from the bank was used to fund her studies.
3.　clutter	/KLAT-er/
	-a lot of objects in a state of being untidy
	The clutter in her house makes her easily annoyed.
4.　irreconcilable	/ir-ek-en-SAY-la-bl/
	-impossible to find agreement between or with, or impossible to deal with
	The feud between the political families is now irreconcilable.
5.　violence	/VAY-o-lens/
	-when someone tries to hurt or kill someone else
	Violence, in all its forms, shall be condemned.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Questions to Ask Before You Marry

What keeps couples together is compatibility. To know if one is compatible with you, you should ask questions. But what exactly are the questions one should ask? Here are some of the most often questions asked on several websites. First, ask what kind of debt your partner has and how he spends money. This question is necessary as financial problems are among the top five reasons why couples fight. Another
important question is on the household and their feelings about clutter. It is also a need to ask how much time your partner spends on social media or other technology
because studies show that couples with the same interests are more likely to have a successful marriage. Questions on having children are also important as these may be irreconcilable and even a deal-breaker for some. One should ask about the partner’s criminal records. But aside from this, one should also ask the history of gambling, overusing alcohol or drugs, or, perhaps, violence. Lastly, one should ask about the partner’s need for alone time. It is essential because one may take it
personally when the partner is not spending so much time alone, while others may feel trapped when they spend so much time together. Asking these questions may be a bit uncomfortable, but that is better than a future full of conflicts. It is also
important to note that a partner’s hesitation in answering these questions may not be a good sign.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	Why is it important to ask the kind of debt and spending habits of one’s partner?
2.	What is the connection between a partners’ same interests and successful marriage?
3.	Why is it important to ask these kinds of questions?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Do you agree that compatibility is what keeps a couple together? Why or why not?
2.	Why do you think the issue of having children can sometimes be irreconcilable?
3.	In your opinion, why is it a bad sign if a partner is hesitant to answer these questions?
4.	What other questions can you think of?
5.	Would you rather be with someone you are in love with or someone compatible with you? Please explain your answer.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson67 : Science Fiction Writer’s Fame Grows Years After Death

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　tragedy	/TRAJ-i-dee/
	-a very sad event or situation, especially one involving death or suffering
	Romeo and Juliet’s story is a tragedy.
2.　stunned	/stuhnd/
	-very shocked or surprised
	The child was stunned by the sight of cherry blossoms.
3.　revolutionary	/rev-uh-LOO-shuh-ner-ee/
	-bringing or causing great change
	The iPhone is a revolutionary product.
4.　impact	/IM-pakt/
	-to have an impact or effect on; influence; alter
	Her speech made a huge impact on the audience.
5.　visionary	/VIZH-uh-ner-ee/
	-a person who is able to imagine how a country, society, industry, etc., will or should develop in the future and to plan in a suitable way
	Bill Gates is a true visionary.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Science Fiction Writer’s Fame Grows Years After Death

N.K. Jemisin read her first Octavia Butler novel at a young age. Butler wrote science fiction and creative nonfiction about happenings in the future. “Dawn” was the title of the book Jemisin read. It tells the story of a black woman who wakes up 250 years after a nuclear tragedy. Jemisin remembers being stunned that a black woman existed in the future because science fiction had not done that before. Jemisin’s own book “The City We Became” is selling very well. In her own day, Octavia Butler was considered to be a revolutionary voice. Since her death 14 years ago, she has become much more well-known. According to Butler’s former literary agent, Merrilee Heifetz, her novels sell more than 100,000 copies each year. Now, a generation of young authors, including Jemisin, say that she has had a significant impact on them. Toshi Reagon, an American musician, has adapted Butler’s novel “Parable of the Sower” into an opera. Octavia Butler is also regarded as a visionary writer as her works address current issues such as climate change and politics.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What was the title of Octavia Butler’s novel that N.K. Jemisin read and what was it about?
2.	How did N.K. Jemisin feel about Octavia Butler’s works?
3.	What do the works of Octavia Butler address?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What makes the article interesting for you?
2.	Do you think people around the globe should read the books of Octavia Butler? Why or why not?
3.	Would you like to read Butler’s novel “Dawn”? Why or why not?
4.	Should writers address social issues in their books? Why or why not?
5.	What do you think of writers in your own country?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson66 : Things You (Probably) Don’t Know About the 4th of July

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　memorialize	/muh-MAWR-ee-uh-lahyz/
	-to make people remember a person or event, or to show that you remember them
	Freddie Mercury was memorialized through his band Queen’s 2018 biography film, “Bohemian Rhapsody”.
2.　secede	/si-SEED/
	-to become independent of a country or area of government
	Virginia voted to secede from the United States on April 17, 1861 after the Battle of Fort Sumter.
3.　empire	/EM-pahyuhr/
	-a group of countries ruled by a single person, government, or country
	The Roman Empire seems to have collapsed largely because of depopulation and epidemics.
4.　devour	/dih-VOU-uhr/
	-to eat something eagerly and in large amounts so that nothing is left
	Ben devoured everything on his plate.
5.　contrary	/KON-trer-ee/
	-saying or showing the opposite
	Contrary to popular opinion, circumstantial evidence is often extremely reliable.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Things You (Probably) Don’t Know About the 4th of July

The United States observes its Independence Day on July 4th, with massive outdoor festivals of music, fireworks, and food usually held in cities and towns throughout the country. In 1776, Former US President John Adams wrote that this day shall be memorialized in American history. He was, however, referring to the second of July. That was the day the Continental Congress voted to secede from the British Empire, where colonies were given the status of self-governing nations. Independence Day, meanwhile, was declared on the fourth of July, which is why Americans have celebrated on that day since 1776. Celebrations include barbecues, parades, and fireworks. Some people also rejoice by devouring as many hot dogs as they can. Since the early 1970s, Nathan’s Famous, an American company that operates a chain of fast food restaurants, has organized a race to see who can consume the most hot dogs in 10 minutes on July 4th. The competition features 30 to 40 contestants who are split into two groups based on their gender. This year, on the contrary, celebrations are limited as the country is banning or refusing large crowds due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What is the story behind the date of the United States’ Independence Day?
2.	What does Nathan’s Famous organize yearly on the fourth of July?
3.	How do Americans celebrate their Independence Day?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Which part of the article struck you the most? Why?
2.	In your opinion, does it matter that Americans celebrate Independence Day on the fourth of July instead of the second? Why or why not?
3.	If you were to memorialize the fourth of July, how would you want to celebrate it?
4.	What do you think is the importance of memorializing or celebrating Independence Day?
5.	How do you celebrate Independence Day in your country?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson93 : In the U.S., Some Men Are Helping Women Give Birth

2021年3月19日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　ease	/iz/
	-If you do something with ease, it is easy for you to do it.
	She took pain relievers to help ease her headache.
2.　train	/treyn/
	-to teach someone how to do something, usually a skill that is needed for a job
	Since he was a child, his father trained him to be able to join the league.
3.　expect	/ik-SPEKT/
	-to think that someone should behave in a particular way or do a particular thing
	She studied very well so she expected her marks to be high.
4.　accede	/ak-SID/
	-to agree to do what people have asked you to do
	The defendant acceded to the plaintiff’s demand.
5.　uncomfortable	/an-KOMPF-ta-bl/
	-slightly embarrassed, or making you feel slightly embarrassed
	She felt uncomfortable when she was introduced to the crowd.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

In the U.S., Some Men Are Helping Women Give Birth

These days, the number of pregnant women who choose to work with a doula is increasing. Doulas are neither nurses nor doctors but professionals who help ease the pain of the mother giving birth. CAPPA and DONA are some of the doula training organizations in the United States. According to them, most doulas are women but, in the present day, more and more males are being trained to be doulas. According to Brian Salmon, a male doula, the attitude of people to male doula has already developed through time. Before they were met with hesitations but now, they are met with open arms. As expected, not everyone will accede to the idea of a male doula, just like how some are uncomfortable with male doctors. On the other hand, Yale Nogin, a father and a doctor, is working on different methods on how to include men during childbirth. He leads a class to help other men prepare for childhood. He added that through being educated and informed on the matter, they will be able to earn their partner’s trust. It really is important for the father to have a role in childbirth especially if he is well-informed. Furthermore, when a woman is giving birth, she is most at ease and content when she sees and hears the face and voice of someone she cares for.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	How did the attitude of people towards male doula develop over time?
2.	Were all females receptive to the idea of male doulas?
3.	Why is it important for the father to have a role in childbirth?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Why do you think more and more males are being trained to be doulas?
2.	Why do you think a lot of people still refuse the idea of a male doula?
3.	In your opinion, how can a father’s role in childbirth be further developed?
4.	What do you think about giving birth to working with a doula?
5.	Do you think this could possibly be the norm in the future? Please explain.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

Discussion on Aesop’s fables: The Ass and His Shadow

2021年3月19日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　distant	/DIS-tuhnt/
	-far away
	The distant mountains look breathtaking during sunset.
2.　fiercely	/FEERS-lee/
	-in a frightening, violent, or powerful way
	The sun has been shining fiercely compared to last week’s weather.
3.　cast	/kast/
	-to cause something to appear
	The large ship cast a shadow on the sea.
4.　quarrel	/KWAWR-uhl/
	-to have an angry disagreement with someone
	What did Lucas and Seth even quarrel about?
5.　substance	/SUHB-stuhns/
	-importance, seriousness, or relationship to real facts
	Personal issues are usually the main cause of losing the substance of friendship.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

The Ass and His Shadow

A Traveler had hired an Ass to carry him to a distant part of the country. The owner of the Ass went with the Traveler, walking beside him to drive the Ass and point out the way.

The road led across a treeless plain where the Sun beat down fiercely. So intense did the heat become, that the Traveler, at last, decided to stop for a rest, and as there was no other shade to be found, the Traveler sat down in the shadow of the Ass.

Now the heat had affected the Driver as much as it had the Traveler, and even more, for he had been walking. Wishing also to rest in the shade cast by the Ass, he began to quarrel with the Traveler, saying he had hired the Ass and not the shadow it cast.

The two soon came to blows, and while they were fighting, the Ass took to its heels.

In quarreling about the shadow, we often lose the substance.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	To where was the Traveler lead on his journey to a distant part of the country?
2.	Where did the Traveler decide to take a rest from the intense heat?
3.	What happened between the Traveler and the Driver?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	In your opinion, did the Driver do the right thing of quarreling with the Traveler? Why or why not?
2.	Instead of coming to blows, what would be the best solution to the Traveler and Driver’s problem?
3.	Have you ever quarreled with a friend before? What did you do to solve it?
4.	Do you agree with the lesson of the fable? Why or why not?
5.	Have you experienced something similar to the moral of the fable? Please tell me more about it.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

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