All posts by weblio PH

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson100 : Camping Is Good for Your Brain

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　pressure	/PRESH-er/
	-the force you produce when you press something
	She applied the right amount of pressure in opening the door.
2.　refresh	/re-FRESH/
	-to make you feel less hot or tired
	When feeling blue, she always takes a walk in the park to refresh her mind.
3.　engage	/in-GEYJ/
	-to take part in something
	After discovering her talent, she got engaged in school activities related to calligraphy.
4.　disturbance	/di-STER-bens/
	-something that interrupts what you are doing, especially something loud or annoying
	The loud concert of a band caused disturbance to the neighborhood.
5.　immensely	/i-MENS-lee/
	-extremely
	The pandemic has immensely affected the economy.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Camping Is Good for Your Brain

On average, Americans use 10 hours a day for electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day for outdoor activities. Using electronic devices causes a lot of
pressure on the brain. Thus, the brain should take a break from all these. Experts claim that being in nature helps refresh the brain from the technology. Camping is one of the outdoor activities one can engage in. People who enjoy camping claim that the activity is very relaxing and puts them in a better state of mind once they set foot at work again. Short amounts of time being in nature, without disturbance from technology helps the brain to calm and remember better. However, long-term
contact with nature such as three days is one that can help reset and fully relax the brain. Camping for several days gives a person a complete experience. It helps one to focus and teaches one to take care of himself in various situations. Indeed, nature is a great teacher. As long as you allow yourself to immensely interact with nature, health benefits will be deep as well.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	According to campers, how does camping benefit them?
2.	What good can nature do to our brain?
3.	Why is nature a great teacher?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Aside from those mentioned in the article, what other benefits could we get from nature?
2.	Why do you think people decide to go on camping?
3.	Do you agree that nature helps regenerate the functioning of our brain? Why or why not?
4.	What are the things that you do to take a break from work or school? Please tell me about it.
5.	Why do you think it is important for us to give our brains a break from time to time?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson37: The Lion and the Gnat

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　vile	/vahyl/
	-unpleasant, immoral, and unacceptable
	The guest’s humor is vile.
2.　instant	/IN-stuhnt/
	-happening immediately, without any delay
	The soldier acted in an instant.
3.　rage	/reyj/
	-(a period of) extreme or violent anger
	Their speech was full of rage.
4.　pride	/prahyd/
	-a feeling of deep pleasure or satisfaction derived from one’s own achievements
	He took pride in a job well done and always gave full commitment to any job he undertook.
5.　fierce	/feers/
	-physically violent and frightening
	The fierce animals attacked the travelers.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

The Lion and the Gnat

“Away with you, vile insect!” said a Lion angrily to a Gnat that was buzzing around his head. But the Gnat was not in the least disturbed.

“Do you think,” he said spitefully to the Lion, “that I am afraid of you because they call you king?”

The next instant he flew at the Lion and stung him sharply on the nose. Mad with rage, the Lion struck fiercely at the Gnat, but only succeeded in tearing himself with his claws. Again and again the Gnat stung the Lion, who now was roaring terribly. At last, worn out with rage and covered with wounds that his own teeth and claws had made, the Lion gave up the fight.

The Gnat buzzed away to tell the whole world about his victory, but instead he flew straight into a spider’s web. And there, he who had defeated the King of beasts came to a miserable end, the prey of a little spider.”

The least of our enemies is often the most to be feared. Pride over a success should not throw us off our guard.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	Why did the Gnat sting the Lion?
2.	What happened to the Gnat after defeating the Lion?
3.	What caused the death of the Gnat?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	How do you understand the lesson of the fable, “The least of our enemies is often the most to be feared”?
2.	What do you think is the importance of humility?
3.	How can you apply fable’s lesson, “Pride over a success should not throw us off our guard” in your life?
4.	Why do you think some people grow with too much pride?
5.	Cite and explain a situation similar to the fable’s lesson.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An eBook from The Project Gutenberg.
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson98 : Breakfast Around the World

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　common	/KOM-on/
	-happening often or existing in large numbers
	Being polite is a common trait of Japanese people.
2.　vary	/VAIR-ee/
	-different from each other
	Traditions may vary from one place to another.
3.　surface	/SUR-fis/
	-the top or outside part of something
	The hit made damage to the surface of the car.
4.　compose	/kom-POWZ/
	-to be the parts that something consists of
	The Senate is composed of twenty-four members.
5.　scratch	/skrach/
	-to rub a hard surface with a sharp object
	The cat made a scratch in the owner’s car.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Breakfast Around the World

People say that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Thus, some eat heavy meals in the morning. However, there are still some who just eat a very small amount. Despite this, what may be common among breakfasts is that it is served with a cup of coffee or tea. In the United States, the most common foods for breakfast are pancakes, waffles, bacon, oatmeal, cereal, and the likes. However, this varies across the world. In some countries, breakfast is composed of a little bit of everything. Almost nothing can be called a not breakfast food’. Some of these countries are Turkey, Germany, and Poland. While in Korea and Japan, their breakfast meals may be the same dishes that are served for lunch or dinner. In countries like China, India, and Mexico, their breakfast meals vary greatly from one place to another. Some countries like Kenya, Italy, Brazil, and France, would keep their breakfast simple having only some sort of bread coupled with coffee or tea. These are just some of the breakfasts around the world, thus we were only able to scratch the surface.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What is the most common breakfast for Americans?
2.	What is common between the breakfast meals served in Japan and Korea?
3.	How do other countries keep their breakfasts simple?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Why do you think breakfast meals vary from one country to another?
2.	What are the factors that affect one’s choice of a meal?
3.	Do you believe that a breakfast meal is important? Why or why not?
4.	What are the things that you consider in deciding what to eat for breakfast?
5.	How are breakfasts prepared in your country?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson36: The Ass and the Load of Salt

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　merchant	/MUR-chuhnt/
	-a person who buys and sells commodities for profit; dealer; trader
	The market is full of merchants every day.
2.　delight	/dih-LAHYT/
	-something that gives great pleasure
	It was a delight to see the dancers on stage.
3.　burden	/BUR-dn/
	-a heavy load that you carry
	The horse carried a lot of burdens.
4.　purposely	/PUR-puhs-lee/
	-intentionally
	He purposely doesn’t ride trains during rush hours.
5.　shallow	/SHAL-oh/
	-of little depth; not deep
	The pool was too shallow for adults.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

The Ass and the Load of Salt

A Merchant, driving his Ass homeward from the seashore with a heavy load of salt, came to a river crossed by a shallow ford. They had crossed this river many times before without accident, but this time the Ass slipped and fell when halfway over. And when the Merchant at last got him to his feet, much of the salt had melted away. Delighted to find how much lighter his burden had become, the Ass finished the journey very gayly.

Next day, the Merchant went for another load of salt. On the way home, the Ass, remembering what had happened at the ford, purposely let himself fall into the water, and again got rid of most of his burden.

The angry Merchant immediately turned about and drove the Ass back to the seashore, where he loaded him with two great baskets of sponges. At the ford, the Ass again tumbled over; but when he had scrambled to his feet, it was a very disconsolate Ass that dragged himself homeward under a load ten times heavier than before.

The same measures will not suit all circumstances.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	What happened to the Ass and the Merchant while crossing the river?
2.	Why did the Ass feel delighted after the accident?
3.	What did the angry Merchant do after the accident?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	In your opinion, what did the Merchant do wrong in the story?
2.	How should we practice to become content with what we have?
3.	In your opinion, how can you teach other people to not be greedy?
4.	How do you reflect the story with your life?
5.	Please explain the moral of the story using your understanding.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson97 : ‘Face Blind’ People Cannot Remember Faces

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　process	/PRA-ses/
	-to perform a particular series of operations on the information, such as a set of calculations.
	Visa applications take 28 days to process.
2.　vary	/VA-ri/
	-different from each other.
	The hospitality of people varies from one culture to another.
3.　severe	/se-VIR/
	-extremely bad
	She suffered severe damage to the knee because of the accident.
4.　widespread	/WAYD-spred/
	-affecting or including a lot of places, people, etc.
	There is a widespread virus in the United States.
5.　treat	/trit/
	-to give medical care to someone for an illness or injury
	Experts are still in the pursuit of a medicine that could treat cancer.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

‘Face Blind’ People Cannot Remember Faces

Some of the people we meet are good at remembering faces, some are not that they have to meet us several times before they can recognize our face. However, for some people, remembering faces is just impossible. This is a condition called ‘face blindness’ or medically, developmental prosopagnosia or DP. According to experts, DP varies greatly from one patient to another. in less severe cases, one cannot
remember the face of someone he just met while in severe cases, a patient cannot even recognize his child in group photographs. In a study conducted by Dartmouth College, the results showed that neural abnormalities are now more widespread compared to previous studies. Researchers say that studying face blindness is helpful in understanding how the brain works. Take for example some people cannot recognize faces but experiences no difficulty in recognizing other objects. This suggests that faces are processed in the brain differently. Experts say that the study may not be able to directly treat the condition, but this is a big development in understanding how we all remember the world in which we live in.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What is considered impossible for people with DP?
2.	How can studying face blindness help understand how the mind works?
3.	If the treatment for face blindness is not achieved, how is the study still beneficial?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Have you encountered someone with this condition?
2.	Why do you think it is hard for them to recognize faces?
3.	What other benefits can be derived from this study?
4.	How do you think people without face blindness can help those who have?
5.	How did you feel after reading the article?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson35: The Two Goats

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　chasm	/KAZ-uhm/
	-a deep opening in earth or rock
	The chasm below the bridge is frightening.
2.　tremble	/TREM-buhl/
	-a slight shake
	He’s scared of suspension bridges because of their trembles.
3.　torrent	/TAWR-uhnt/
	-a stream of water flowing with great rapidity and violence
	The torrent swept the animals away.
4.　stubbornness	/STUHB-ern-nes/
	-the quality of being difficult to move, change, or deal with
	His refusal to talk is from simple stubbornness.
5.　misfortune	/mis-FAWR-chuhn/
	-bad luck
	Her misfortune was her downfall.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

The Two Goats

Two Goats, frisking gayly on the rocky steeps of a mountain valley, chanced to meet, one on each side of a deep chasm through which poured a mighty mountain torrent. The trunk of a fallen tree formed the only means of crossing the chasm, and on this not even two squirrels could have passed each other in safety. The narrow path would have made the bravest tremble. Not so our Goats. Their pride would not permit either to stand aside for the other.

One set her foot on the log. The other did likewise. In the middle, they met horn to horn. Neither would give way, and so they both fell, to be swept away by the roaring torrent below.

It is better to yield than to come to misfortune through stubbornness.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	Where did the two Goats meet?
2.	What hindered the two Goats from saving themselves?
3.	What did they do in order to try and survive?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	Why do you think the two Goats did not survive?
2.	What do you think the Goats should have done to survive?
3.	Why is it bad to be stubborn?
4.	How can you stop someone from being stubborn?
5.	What is your understanding of the lesson’s fable?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson96 : Specializing or Generalizing?

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　ponder	/PAN-der/
	-to think carefully about something
	Choosing a course is something one should ponder.
2.　specific	/spe-SIF-ik/
	-used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
	The specifics in the guidelines should be laid down in order to avoid confusion.
3.　specialize	/SPESH-el-ayz/
	-to spend most of your time studying one particular subject or doing one type of business
	The general physician would like to specialize in the field of neurology.
4.　desire	/di-ZAYER/
	-to want something
	She desires to be one of the company executives.
5.　crisis	/KRAY-sis/
	-a situation or time that is extremely dangerous or difficult
	Resources are becoming scarce during an economic crisis.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Which Is Better for Your Career: Specializing or Generalizing?

One may always ponder which is better, to know a little about everything or to have a deep understanding about one specific thing? This question is a subjective one depending on the situation. According to an expert, the main reason is money. Take for example a restaurant that specializes in making sushi—you will expect a high quality of sushi but at the same time, prices on the menu are also high compared to a restaurant that serves a variety of pizza, sushi, and tacos. While generally, a specialist is desired, it was proved that generalists are more likely to survive during an economic crisis as there will be more job offers for them. The size of the industry or organization should also be considered in deciding. In a small organization, being a generalist is more advantageous as one may be required to do a lot of tasks. While in large companies, are most likely looking for specialists. Another important thing is to know one’s self. You may be one who is interested in learning a little about different things or one who is enthusiastic about just one field and would like to know everything about it. However, experts say that maybe the best is a combination of both—while keeping up to date with one’s field, one must also be willing to accept changes when the necessity comes.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	What is the difference between a generalist and a specialist?
2.	How can being a generalist be advantageous in times of crisis?
3.	How can there be a mix of both generalists and specialists?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What are the advantages of being a generalist?
2.	What are the advantages of being a specialist?
3.	What should one consider in deciding whether to be a generalist or a specialist?
4.	Aside from the factors mentioned, what other things might be considered in deciding?
5.	Personally, which of these two are you most inclined to be?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

World Literature (Aesop Fables)｜世界文学（イソップ童話）
Lesson34: A Raven and a Swan

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　envious	/EN-vee-uhs/
	-wanting something another person has
	The crowd was envious of the performers’ talents.
2.　alter	/AWL-ter/
	-to make different in some particular, as size, style, course, or the like; modify
	The teacher wanted to alter the activities she has given.
3.　coal	/kohl/
	-a hard, black substance that is dug from the earth in lumps and used as a fuel, or a single piece of this substance
	The miners got lots of coal in this area.
4.　woods	/woodz/
	-an area of land covered with a thick growth of trees
	The children nearly got lost in the woods.
5.　marsh	/mahrsh /
	-ground near a lake, a river, or the sea that often floods and is always wet
	The ravens enjoy staying at the marsh.

PART B_1

Let’s read the story. Please read them aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

A Raven and A Swan

A Raven, which you know is black as coal, was envious of the Swan, because her feathers were as white as the purest snow. The foolish bird got the idea that if he lived like the Swan, swimming and diving all day long and eating the weeds and plants that grow in the water, his feathers would turn white like the Swan’s.

So he left his home in the woods and fields and flew down to live on the lakes and in the marshes. But though he washed and washed all day long, almost drowning himself at it, his feathers remained as black as ever. And as the water weeds he ate did not agree with him, he got thinner and thinner, and at last he died.

A change of habits will not alter nature.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the story.

PART C_2

1.	How did the Raven feel towards the Swan? Why?
2.	What idea did the Raven think of and what did he do about it?
3.	What happened to the Raven and his plan?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the story. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What do you think the Raven should have done instead?
2.	Have you ever felt the same way as the Raven? What happened?
3.	How important is it to be contented with who you are?
4.	Why do you think that people become envious of others?
5.	What does the fable’s lesson mean to you?

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Conversation(Beginner Chapter 1)｜日常会話（初級１章）
Lesson45: Manners in the restaurants　レストランでのマナー

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn new vocabulary. Listen and repeat these words with your tutor.

単語を学習しましょう。講師のあとについて音読してみましょう。

PART A_2

1.　staff　スタッフ
2.　chat　おしゃべり
3.　generous　寛大な

PART B_1

Let’s learn today’s phrases. Read the sentences below.

会話表現を学びましょう。以下の文章を音読してみましょう。

PART B_2

What are the things that we must not do in restaurants?

レストランでやってはいけないことは何ですか？

We must chat lightly while in restaurants.

レストランでは、静かにおしゃべりをしなければなりません。

PART C_1

Let’s read the dialogue. I will play Ron and you will play Emma. Then, we’ll switch roles.

以下の会話文を読みましょう。最初に講師がRon、あなたがEmmaの部分を読みます。終わったら交代しましょう。

PART C_2

Hi, Emma. What restaurant manners do you know of?

Hello, Ron. There are a lot of restaurant manners but I will just give three.

Sure.

First, we must chat lightly while in restaurants.

Oh, I see.

Yes, and we must behave politely toward the restaurant staff.

Of course, we must do that.

And if you were satisfied with the food, a generous tip for the staff would be greatly appreciated.

PART D_1

Let’s read the dialogue. Read aloud, filling in the blanks as you remember the sentence you just read.

以下の会話文を読みましょう。先ほど読んだ文を思い出しながら、空欄を埋めて音読しましょう。

PART D_2

Hi, Emma. What restaurant manners do you know of?

Hello, Ron. There are a lot of restaurant manners but I will just give three.

Sure, Emma.

First, we must chat __________________.

Oh, I see.

Yes, and ___________________ the restaurant staff.

Of course, we must do that.

And if you were satisfied with the food, a generous tip for the staff ____________________ appreciated.

PART E_1

Fill in the blanks and complete the conversation.

空欄を埋めて、以下の会話文を完成させましょう。

PART E_2

1.	A: _____________________________? B: We must chew our food slowly and quietly.
2.	A: How should we ask for something across the table? B: ______________________________.
3.	A: How should we approach the server? B: ________________________________.
4.	A: How should we sit while eating on a restaurant? B: ______________________________.
5.	A: ______________________________? B: You should arrive at the restaurant earlier than your guests.
6.	A: How should we hold our utensils? B: ________________________________.

PART F_1

Let’s do a roleplay. Talk with me according to the situation below, using the expressions you just learned.

ロールプレイをしましょう。以下のシチュエーションに沿って、講師と話をしましょう。この時、今日習った表現を使ってみましょう。

PART F_2

You are talking with a friend about the things you should avoid when inside a temple.

あなたは友人と、お寺の中のマナーや、やってはいけないことについて話しています。

PART F_3

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did on your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Column Discussion (Expert)｜コラムディスカッション（上級）
Lesson95 : Ways to Achieve Your Goals

2021年3月22日 weblio PH

PART A_1

Let’s learn vocabulary. Listen and repeat the words and the sentences with your tutor.

PART A_2

1.　engagement	/in-GEYJ-ment/
	-the fact of being involved with something
	Her school engagements prevent her from doing household chores.
2.　tend	/tend/
	-to often do a particular thing or be likely to do a particular thing
	She tends to be more cautious now due to her past experiences.
3.　specific	/spe-SIF-ik/
	-used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
	The local government should be more specific in laying down guidelines to avoid confusion.
4.　guilt	/gilt/
	-a feeling of shame or unhappiness when you have done something wrong
	She felt a bit of guilt when she did not attend the class for no justifiable reason.
5.　accountable	/a-KAWN-te-bl/
	-responsible for what you do and having to be able to explain your actions
	The government should be held accountable for its actions as the public office is embraced with public trust.

PART B_1

Let’s read the article. Please read it aloud, and I will check your pronunciation and intonation.

PART B_2

Ways to Achieve Your Goals

Every year, each of us tries to promise ourselves that we will achieve a goal—may it be in one’s career, health, lifestyle, etc. However, we may get busy with our other engagements, thus, we tend to do little to no action to achieve our goal. We won’t notice but the year is about to end again and a lot of time has passed. This may also give the feeling of guilt. In order to avoid this, here are some tips on how one can achieve his/her goal. Identifying specific goals will make it easier for you to know what are tasks to focus on. Writing it on a piece of paper is also helpful as it will get the goal out of your brain into the physical world. It will also serve as a reminder for you from time to time. Telling a friend is also beneficial as it will hold you accountable for your progress and it will add pressure on you. If you have big goals, you should break them into small ones to make them more realistic and achievable. Some experts also say that it is important to reassess your goals from time to time to tailor them according to the changes that might have happened in your life. Lastly, it is not the goals, but its pursuit that keeps us going day by day. Thus, we should make sure that we are getting the best out of every experience.

PART C_1

Let’s answer comprehension questions. Please answer them based on the article.

PART C_2

1.	Why do we tend to do little to no action to achieve our goal?
2.	Why is it important to identify specific goals?
3.	How is telling a friend beneficial in achieving our goals?

PART D_1

Let’s discuss the article. Please answer the questions below and express your opinions.

PART D_2

1.	What do you think are the things that hinder a person to achieve his/her goals?
2.	What kind of changes might occur to one’s life which will require him/her to adjust his goals?
3.	Why do you think is it important to make our goals as realistic as possible.
4.	In the pursuit of goals, how do you think one can enjoy the process?
5.	What personal goals do you have? Please tell me more about it.

REVIEW AND FEEDBACK

Now, let us review the things that you learned in this lesson.

ではこのレッスンで学んだことを振り返りましょう。

(Please give a short feedback on how your student did in your class.)

	Grammar 文法	Pronunciation 発音	Vocabulary 単語	Comprehension 理解
GOOD	文法の誤りはほとんどなく、完全な文章で話すことができる	ほとんどの単語をはっきりと正しく発音することができる	習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を理解し、質問に正しく答えることができる
FAIR	文法の誤りはあるが、完全な文章で話すことができる	発音の練習が必要な言葉がいくつかある	たまにミスはあるが、習った表現を適切に使うことができる	文章を完全に理解するのは難しく、質問に正しく答えられないときもある
POOR	文章で話すのは難しく、単語だけで話すことができる	発音の練習が必要である	習った単語と表現を少しだけ使うことができる	文章を理解するのは難しく、質問に答えるのは難しい

TUTOR FEEDBACK

GRAMMAR
Good:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with minimal grammatical errors.
Fair:	Was able to speak in complete sentences with evident grammatical errors.
Poor:	Was able to speak using words only.
PRONUNCIATION
Good:	Was able to pronounce most of the words clearly and correctly.
Fair:	Mispronounced a few words.
Poor:	Mispronounced most of the words.
VOCABULARY
Good:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class.
Fair:	Used appropriate expressions learned in class and made a few errors in word choice.
Poor:	Used only a few words and expressions.
COMPREHENSION
Good:	Was able to understand the passages and answer the questions correctly.
Fair:	Had a little difficulty in understanding passages and answering questions.
Poor:	Had a hard time understanding passages and answering questions.

Parts of this lesson material are based on:
An article by Voice of America

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