A birth certificate is a legal document that proves the existence of an individual. This proof gives children various rights. For example, you can get an education by proving your age.

Sustainable development is severely limited in the least developed countries (LDCs). They have low levels of human assets and are highly exposed to economic and environmental shocks. In response, the United Nations Technology Bank was founded in 2018 to assist the 46 LDCs and former least developed nations over the next five years.

The bank serves as a link between LDCs and those who can help them. It enables access to current technology and encourages collaborative initiatives with suitable partners inside and beyond the UN system, including the private sector. The UN Technology Bank’s work directly supports a wide range of SDGs. These are economic self-sufficiency, sustainable access to healthcare technology, climate change mitigation, local skills development, ecosystem development, and academic cooperation.

The Japanese government provides funds and technology to developing countries, and the funds are called “Official Development Assistance” (ODA).

Climate change, water issues, large-scale natural disasters, infectious diseases, food issues, and energy are just a few examples of global issues. There are many expectations from all over the world for Japan, which strives to solve global problems through development cooperation.

Japan’s ODA celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2014. Throughout this history,　the international community and the roles required for development cooperation have changed dramatically. According to polls, an increasing number of people believe that economic cooperation should be reduced in light of Japan’s difficult economic and financial situation. Therefore, it is also necessary to review the ideal form of development cooperation without being bound by the conventional framework.

A birth certificate is a legal document that proves the existence of an individual. This proof gives children various rights. Without it, children are invisible to the government and are at risk of exposure to various types of abuse and neglect, including child marriage, child labor, and trafficking.

Launched in 2018, the United Nations Technology Bank offers programs and projects to enhance the science, technology, and innovation (STI) capabilities of the least developed countries.

The UN Technology Bank’s primary role is to share knowledge of STI. It acts as a knowledge hub, connecting the resources available to least developed countries and the major STI actors who can meet these needs. In order to ensure that those countries have easy access to existing technologies, the UN Technology Bank promotes cooperation with relevant organizations and countries.

The Japanese government provides funds and technology to developing countries, and the funds are called “Official Development Assistance” (ODA). It is implemented for peacebuilding, governance, the promotion of basic human rights, and humanitarian assistance.

About 146 countries have people who suffer from poverty, lack enough food, and do not receive sufficient education and medical care. Japan faces high expectations from the world for its assistance. It is an important role of Japan to support developing countries and achieve the SDGs as well, but in this long history, the situation has been changing. Therefore, it is also necessary to review the ideal form of development cooperation without being bound by the conventional framework.

Approximately 80 percent of rural communities in underdeveloped countries still rely on traditional plant-based medications for basic healthcare. Overfishing and overhunting destroy the resources of certain species while putting others at risk of extinction.

For more than a decade, the number of people forced to flee their homes due to conflict and persecution has continuously increased. These figures exploded in 2012, resulting in the global refugee crisis. In conflict-affected areas, around 28.5 million primary school-aged children are not attending school. Half of the world’s refugee population is made up of children under the age of 18.

Many refugee boys and girls are forced to live in unacceptable conditions for children, with limited access to education, healthcare, and mobility. Refugees are frequently left with little to call their own. They are in desperate need of food, clean water, and clothing. Refugee children and their families are at risk of disease and abuse. They receive essential items and relief as a result of the generous support of refugee camps worldwide.

The Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) system plays an important role in recording all major life events, such as births and deaths. Despite this, over a hundred countries do not have functioning CRVS systems. According to birth registration, 73% of children under the age of five have their births recorded, whereas just 46% of children in Sub-Saharan Africa have their births recorded.

A birth certificate is a vital piece of legal documentation. It allows children to be able to go to school, receive medical care, and eventually find work. Without it, a child is invisible to the government and susceptible to abuse and neglect. Those include child marriage, child labor, and human trafficking. If we don’t know who these children are or where they live, we won’t be able to help them improve their lives.

Around 80% of individuals in rural areas of developing countries still use traditional plant-based medicines for basic healthcare. Overhunting and overfishing deplete the resources of some species while threatening the extinction of others.

The number of people forced to flee their homes because of conflict and persecution has steadily increased. In 2012, these numbers spiked, resulting in what is now recognized as a global refugee crisis.

In conflict-affected areas, around 28.5 million primary school-aged children are out of school. Nearly 13 million children under the age of 18 make up half of the world’s refugee population. Far too many refugee boys and girls are forced to live in unsuitable conditions for children, with limited access to education, healthcare, and no freedom of movement.

Have you heard about birth registration? It’s the process of recording births, and it’s a fundamental right for everyone. In low and middle-income countries, one out of every four children under age 5 is not registered.

A birth certificate is a legal document that certifies the existence of a person. It implies that children can attend school, receive medical care, and eventually find work. Children cannot be protected without proof since governments don’t even know they exist.

Human-caused carbon emissions are driving ocean warming, acidification, and oxygen loss. According to scientists, ocean and coastal acidification will harm entire ecosystems.

Nearly 75 percent of the Earth’s surface has been altered by human activity, condensing wildlife and nature into ever-smaller parts of the planet.

Forests are home to more than 80 percent of the world’s animals, plants, and insects. Not only that, but 1.6 billion people also rely on forests for their livelihood. However, the globe lost 3.3 million hectares of forest between 2010 and 2015.

Food production is the primary cause of deforestation. Vast areas of tropical forests are being removed to make way for soya farming which feeds livestock.

Furthermore, trees also absorb and store carbon dioxide (CO2). When forests are cut down, CO2 and other greenhouse gases are produced.

Forests are crucial in the fight against global warming. Global warming is disrupting the natural order of breeding and resource availability. Residents who live on ice, for example, are at risk as more heat melts their habitats.

One of the reasons for biodiversity loss is overexploitation. Overhunting pushes the animal extinct. Illegal wildlife poaching continues to hinder conservation efforts. Around 7,000 kinds of animals and plants have been reported for the illegal trade in 120 countries.

Species extinction is caused by natural causes such as illnesses and biological disasters. However, humans and their activities have come to outweigh those caused by wildlife. The primary cause of biodiversity loss is mainly human greed.

Human activities have been the primary cause of climate change since the 1800s. Climate change is now causing severe droughts, water scarcity, devastating fires, rising sea levels, flooding, melting polar ice, catastrophic storms, and declining biodiversity.

Human-caused carbon emissions are driving ocean warming, acidification, and oxygen loss. Ocean acidification is occurring because the amount of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases is so high. Increased ocean acidity can either harm or benefit individual plant and animal species in a variety of ways.

Consider a well-known and vital ecosystem: coral reefs. Corals are living organisms on which the entire ecosystem is dependent. Corals, like forests on land, build their hard, stony skeletons over many years. This is ideal for sea creatures such as oysters, clams, crabs, starfish, sea urchins, and many species of fish. Food webs will be disrupted if these lives are harmed, with humans at the top of the food chain.

Every minute, one million plastic drinking bottles are purchased around the world, and up to 5 trillion single-use plastic bags are used annually. Plastic pollution endangers the health of marine species, food safety, human health, and coastal tourism, and it contributes to climate change. Seabirds, whales, fish, and turtles mistake plastic waste for prey, they die of starvation as their stomachs fill with plastic.

Furthermore, as a result of solar UV radiation and other natural factors, plastic degrades into small particles known as microplastics. Because of their small size, they are easily ingested by marine life. Microplastics have been discovered in tap water, salt, and all ocean samples collected around the world.

Human activities have been the primary cause of climate change since the 1800s, due to the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas. Climate change is now causing severe droughts, water scarcity, devastating fires, rising sea levels, flooding, melting polar ice, catastrophic storms, and declining biodiversity.

There are many species of life in the ocean. Since life in the ocean is always food for something else, the food webs are complex and kept in a fine balance. Humans are also included in this food web. Which means, human activities such as overfishing or polluting water cause something bad for humans in the end.

Moreover, the ocean helps reduce carbon dioxide. It absorbs about 30% of the carbon dioxide that humans produce. However, because the amount of carbon dioxide, or greenhouse gas, is so large, it causes water to warm up. Because of human activities, the ocean has been damaged, and this has led to the loss of ocean ecosystems.

Every minute, one million plastic drinking bottles are purchased, and up to 5 trillion single-use plastic bags are used annually.

Plastic pollution endangers the health of marine species, food safety, human health, and coastal tourism, and it contributes to climate change. Seabirds, whales, fish, and turtles mistake plastic waste for prey, and they die of starvation as their stomachs fill with plastic.

Ocean warming, acidification, and oxygen depletion are all being worsened by human-caused carbon emissions. The ocean has absorbed more than 90 percent of the additional heat in the climate system. As a result, ocean temperatures have reached record highs, causing a global marine heatwave.

More than 80% of all animals, plants, and insects live in forests. Not only that, but forests also provide a living for about 1.6 billion people. However, the world lost 3.3 million hectares of forest land between 2010 and 2015.

Forests have a large influence on weather patterns, water and soil quality, as well as flood prevention. The majority of deforestation is caused by food production.

Trees absorb and store carbon dioxide (CO2). When forests are cut down, CO2 and other greenhouse gases are released. Deforestation is responsible for about 10% of global warming.

Forests play an important role in preventing global warming. Global warming is disrupting the natural order of breeding and resource availability. For example, inhabitants living on ice are at risk as more heat melts their habitats.

Another reason behind biodiversity loss is overexploitation. Overhunting threatens the extinction of animals. Wildlife trafficking continues, with roughly 7,000 species of animals and plants documented in illegal trade in 120 nations. 8 percent of the 8,300 recorded animal breeds are extinct, and 22 percent are on the verge of extinction.

Rapid urbanization puts freshwater resources, sewage, the living environment, and public health at risk. Rivers, lakes, and aquifers are drying out or polluted to the point of being unusable. Cities are responsible for 60-80 percent of world energy use and 75 percent of carbon emissions.

Responsible consumption and production lower health hazards and contribute to a higher quality of life. However, an estimated 1/3 of all food produced each year is wasted owing to poor shipping and harvesting techniques. Additionally, a 2019 estimate shows that 38 million children are overweight.

A decrease in land and marine environments, declining soil fertility, excessive water usage, and overfishing harm the ability to produce food. In 2019, approximately 931 million tonnes of food waste were recorded, with households accounting for 61% of the total. When food is lost or disposed of, all of the resources used to produce it are also wasted. Reduced food loss and waste can help ensure environmental sustainability and efficiency.

Humans pollute rivers and lakes at a rate that exceeds nature’s ability to recycle and purify them. For example, the textile sector is currently the second-largest polluter of pure water, behind agriculture. And many fashion companies in developing nations exploit textile employees.

We can help by choosing sustainable options whenever possible and aiming for zero-waste fashion. We may shop at a vintage or thrift store for clothing. We can donate garments to charities or sell them at consignment stores if we no longer wear them. We can also save water by washing our clothes less frequently.

We can put pressure on businesses to stop polluting the water and adopt sustainable practices if we buy from sustainable and local sources.

Rapid urbanization puts freshwater resources, sewage, the living environment, and public health at risk. Cities account for 60–80 percent of global energy use and 75 percent of carbon emissions.

Using carbon-free transportation is the easiest way we can try.

Responsible consumption and production contribute to better well-being. If we can supply and consume food fairly, we will be able to help solve problems like hunger and obesity.

However, declines in land and marine environments, as well as declining soil fertility, harm the ability to produce food.
In 2019, moreover, around 931 million metric tons of food waste were recorded: 61 percent in households, 26 percent in food service, and 13 percent in retail.

Humans are polluting rivers and lakes faster than nature can recycle and purify them. For example, the apparel and textile industries are now the second-largest polluters of pure water, just behind agriculture.

As consumers, we can help by choosing a sustainable choice whenever possible and aiming for zero-waste fashion. We may buy clothes from a vintage or thrift store. If we have clothes we no longer wear, we can donate them to charities or sell them at thrift stores. We can also save water by washing our clothes less frequently.